黑龙江省伊春市桃山遗址2013年发掘报告  

A preliminary report on the 2013 excavation of the Taoshan site, Yichun, Heilongjiang province

作　　者：常阳[1,2,3] 侯亚梅[1] 杨石霞 张伟[5] 李有骞[5] 郝怀东 王雪东 仇立民 岳健平 胡越[1,9] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国文物信息咨询中心,北京100009 [4]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室,北京100029 [5]黑龙江省文物考古研究所,哈尔滨150008 [6]伊春市文物管理站,伊春153099 [7]伊春市桃山博物馆,桃山152514 [8]伊春市铁力文物所,铁力152500 [9]澳大利亚伍伦贡大学地球与环境科学学院

出　　处：《人类学学报》2016年第2期223-237,共15页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05130203);国家自然科学基金(41272033)

摘　　要：桃山遗址发现于2011年,2013年6-7月对遗址展开试掘,发掘面积24m2;共获得石制品982件,陶片46件,装饰品2件,未见动物骨骼。石制品类型包括石核、石片、刮削器、锯齿刃器、凹缺器、钻具、石镞、细石核、细石叶、石叶等,类型较为丰富。石制品原料以凝灰岩、玛瑙、白云岩、玄武岩和燧石为主,原料较为多样。石制品的剥片方法以锤击法为主,压制法也有使用;工具的修理方面主要采用锤击法,同时具有压制法修理的石镞和刮削器等工具。该遗址所处年代位于晚更新世末期向全新世早期转变的时期,环境变化剧烈;遗址石制品的文化内涵丰富,性质较为独特,总体呈现出从旧石器晚期向新石器时代过渡的文化面貌,层序清楚,对研究我国东北地区新旧石器文化过渡的演变机制具有非常重要的价值,并为探讨这一阶段东北亚与北美地区的人群迁徙与文化传播等学术问题提供了新的重要证据。The Taoshan open-air site（46°54.765＇N, 128°12.643＇E） is situated in Yichun, Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. It was discovered in 2011 and co-excavated in 2013 and 2014 by the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology and the Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. From a 24m2 test pit dug in 2013, 982 stone artefacts, 44 pottery sherds and 2 ornaments made in amazonite were unearthed. There were no faunal remains. Different types of cores, scrapers, denticulates, notches, borers, arrowheads, microcores, microblades and blades were identifi ed in lithic assemblage. Raw materials were predominantly tuff, agate, dolomite, basalt and chert. Percussion was the main fl int-knapping and retouching technique while pressure retouching was also used on the arrowhead and scraper. The period of the Taoshan site was transitional from the end of late Pleistocene to early Holocene when environmental changes were severe, and specif ic cultural features in the artifact assemblage were clear. A good stratigraphic sequence characterizes the site. The value of this research is in recognizing the evolution of cultural change in northeast China, and furthering discussion of migration dispersal and cultural diffusion in northeast Asia and North America.

关 键 词：桃山遗址 石制品 新-旧石器时代过渡 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]