土壤盐分对春小麦水盐动态及光合特性的影响  

Effects of soil salt on soil water-salt dynamic and photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat

作　　者：裴磊[1,2] 王振华[1,2] 郑旭荣[1,2] 李文昊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2016年第2期157-164,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51169022);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD20B03;2011BAD29B06);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动专项(RCZX201433)

摘　　要：为了解土壤含盐量对滴灌春小麦土壤水盐运动以及其光合生理指标的影响,并为滴灌春小麦在盐碱地种植提供理论依据和技术支撑,通过桶栽试验,研究了土壤含盐量分别为0.15%（CK）,0.80%,1.10%,1.40%,1.70%,2.00%,2.30%,2.60%条件下,春小麦土壤水盐运动规律以及其光合特性变化状态.结果表明,在春小麦整个生育期内,土壤含水率总体变化呈现递减趋势;随着土层深度的增加,土壤水分和盐分质量分数均表现出增加的趋势,土壤含盐量越高其平均含水率越高;各处理0-40 cm土层盐分质量分数在小麦生育期末与播种时相比均有不同程度的下降,处于脱盐状态;土壤盐分初始质量分数为0.15%,0.80%以及1.10%的春小麦叶片水分利用效率最高,同时也具有较高的净光合速率.Barrel experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of soil salt content on soil water-salt dynamics and physiological indices of drip irrigated spring wheat and to provide theoretical foundation and technical support for planting spring wheat in saline- alkali soils. Different soil salt contents（ i. e. 0. 15%（ CK）,0. 80%,1. 10%,1. 40%,1. 70%,2. 00%,2. 30%,2. 60%） were set up;soil water- salt dynamics and physiological indices of drip irrigated spring wheat were studied. The results showed that the overall variation of soil water content presented a decreasing trend in the whole growth period of spring wheat. With the increase of soil depth,the soil water content and the salt content showed an increasing trend. The greater the soil salt content is,the higher the averaged soil water content is. Compared with the soil salt content before sowing,the salt content of each treatment in 0 to40 cm soil layer decreased at harvest time,indicating a desalination process during the growth period.Spring wheat treatments with initial soil salt contents of 0. 15%,0. 80% and 1. 10% had the highest leaf water use efficiency and a relatively high net photosynthetic rate.

关 键 词：春小麦 滴灌 水盐运动 光合特性 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]