轻小型喷灌机组的运行速率与压力水头损失  

Running speed and pressure head loss of light and small sprinkler irrigation system

作　　者：曹华[1,2] 郭凤台[1] 范永申[2] 段福义[2] 韩启彪[2] 贾艳辉[2] 陈震[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2016年第2期179-184,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2011AA100506);国家农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(2013GB23320624)

摘　　要：为研究轻小型喷灌机组低压喷灌条件下运行速率的合理取值以及工作压力与喷灌机组压力水头损失的关系,以轻小型喷灌机组为研究对象,经过室内喷灌试验,研究了一定工作压力和流量条件下机组的运行速率、灌水定额之间的关系,并对机组的局部水头损失和沿程水头损失进行了分析.结果表明:灌水定额与轻小型喷灌机组的运行速率、工作压力有一定的关系,通过确定灌水定额,能够调制出相应的运行速率.轻小型喷灌机组卷盘车处入口压力增大,喷水车单喷头处的压力也随之增大,但是入口压力增大到一定程度后,单喷头压力的提高幅度减小,因此在机组正常工作范围内,可以通过适当降低机组的入口压力,以减少机组的压力水头损失,节省能耗,降低机组的运行成本.轻小型喷灌机组在中国有广泛的发展前景,该项研究对于中国轻小型喷灌机组的性能改良具有重要意义,可为轻小型喷灌机组的发展提供参考依据.In order to study the reasonable value of the running speed under the low-pressure sprinkler irrigation,and the relation between the working pressure and the pressure head loss of sprinkler irrigation system,the light and small sprinkler irrigation system was taken as the research object,and through the indoor sprinkler irrigation test,the relation between the system＇s running speed and irrigation quota under a certain working pressure and flow rate was studied,in addition the local head loss and the frictional head loss of the system were analyzed. The results show that irrigation quota has a certain relationship with the running speed and working pressure of the light and small sprinkler irrigation system,thus the corresponding running speed may be modulated by determining the irrigation quo-ta. The outlet pressure at the sprayer of the spraying car can increase with the increasing of the single sprinkler pressure of the reel truck in the light and small sprinkler irrigation system. However,the increasing rate of the outlet pressure will decrease when the single sprinkler pressure increases to a certain extent. Therefore,within the normal operating range of the system,its inlet pressure can be decreased to an appropriate range so as to reduce the pressure head loss of the system,save energy and reduce the operating cost of the system. As wide development prospect in China,this research will be of great significance in improving the performance and providing a reference for the development of the light and small sprinkler irrigation system in China.

关 键 词：轻小型喷灌机组 运行速率 喷灌均匀度 压力 水头损失 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]