从“药食同源”探讨抗衰老中药激活AMPK通路改善能量代谢的潜在机制  

Anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine: potential mechanisms involving AMPK pathway and calorie restriction based on "medicine-food homology" theory

作　　者：刘东岩[1,2] 李亦晗[1,2] 徐砚通[3,2] 朱彦[3,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学,天津300457 [2]中药新药研发中心天津国际生物医药联合研究院,天津300457 [3]天津现代中药重点实验室天津中医药大学,天津300457

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2016年第6期1144-1151,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2013ZX09201020);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81274128);天津市高等学校创新团队项目(TD2-5031)

摘　　要：关于中药的抗衰老功效,已经有许多相关报道,但是对于其物质基础及作用机制尚未明确阐明。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)是能量代谢的感受器,能够延长寿命这一效应,在不同实验中都得到相应的证实。过表达或用二甲双胍激活AAK-2/AMPK均有延长线虫、果蝇寿命的功效。AMPK抗衰老的可能下游通路包括TOR/S6k途径、FOXOs途径、CRTC途径等。中医药核心理念之一为治未病,其表现之一即是以药食同源方式改善机体,由此达到长寿的目的。部分药食同源药物有可能通过激活AMPK以达到养生,延长寿命的目的。经过总结发现,相关中药复方中丹参、黄芪、黄连、茯苓、白术、大黄、人参使用频率较高,并且补虚活血类药物占主导。采用ingenuity pathway analysis(IPA)网络药理学软件分析,间接作用于AMPK靶蛋白而非其上下游通路的单体药物有黄连素、大黄素、姜黄素、白藜芦醇、虫草素、牛蒡子苷元等6个,在一定程度上说明药食同源药物通过AMPK通路延长寿命的可行性。该文综合数据库查询和IPA网络药理学软件分析对具有激活AMPK通路来延缓衰老功能的中药单体及组分进行了归纳和总结,并基于中医药"药食同源"的理念将这些药物可能通过改善能量代谢对于延缓衰老的影响进行了展望。There have been many reports about the anti-aging effect of traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM）,but the material basis and mechanism of action have not been clearly elucidated. AMP-activated protein kinase（ AMPK） is the receptor of energy metabolism and its life extending effect has been confirmed in different experiments. Over expression or activation with metform in of AAK-2 /AMPK has been shown to extend life expectancy in nematodes and Drosophila. The possible downstream pathways of AMPK against aging include TOR / S6 k pathway,FOXOs pathway and CRTC pathway. One of the core concepts of traditional Chinese medicine is disease prevention,for which one of manifestations is to improve the body with the same source of medicine and food to achieve longevity.It is possible to activate AMPK to achieve the goal of health preservation and prolonging the life by some of the ＂ medicine-food harmony＂ treatments. Our survey finds that in ＂ medicine-food harmony＂ compound TCM, ＂ invigorating the kidney deficiency and promoting blood circulation＂ class dominates and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Rhizoma,Astragali Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Poria,Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma are used in high frequency. Network pharmacology analysis using ingenuity pathway analysis（ IPA） software revealed that TCM-derived drugs interacting with AMPK target proteins included berberine,emodin,curcumin,resveratrol,alcohol,cordyceps,arctiin,suggesting in a certain extent the feasibility of ＂ medicine-food homology＂ drugs to extend the lifespan through the AMPK pathway. Our study combines a comprehensive database query and an IPA network pharmacology analysis to identify Chinese medicine monomer and components that may activate AMPK pathway to delay aging and to discuss the potential of these medicine by improving energy metabolism to delay the aging process,based on the concept of traditional Chinese medicine ＂ medicine-food homology＂.

关 键 词：AMPK 衰老 中药 能量摄入限制 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]