2014年上海浦东新区某黑色金属铸造企业职业病危害关键控制点分析  

Analysis on critical control points of occupational disease hazards in a ferrous metal foundry enterprise in Pudong district of Shanghai in 2014

作　　者：戎艳[1] 吴越芾[1] 张静波[1] 郭孔荣[1] 孙道远[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属上海市肺科医院职业卫生评价室,上海200433

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第7期981-983,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解上海浦东新区某黑色金属铸造企业的主要职业病危害,分析该企业职业病危害关键控制点,为用人单位职业病危害防护提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、职业病危害因素检测以及职业病危害分级方法进行分析。结果该项目职业病危害因素为噪声、高温、工频电场、臭氧、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化铁粉尘、电焊烟尘、矽尘、木粉尘、砂轮磨尘、锰及其无机化合物、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、丁醇、硫酸、甲醛、苯酚、二氧化硫、天然气、丙烷。2014年检测结果中铸钢车间CO_2保护焊岗位、碳刨岗位、打磨岗位电焊烟尘CTWA浓度分别为5.3、4.1和4.2 mg/m^3,打磨岗位、碳刨岗位噪声8 h等效声级分别为92.1和100.8 d B(A),CO_2保护焊岗位、熔炼岗位高温分别为30.5和34.1℃,超过国家职业卫生标准限值。铸钢车间CO_2保护焊作业岗位(电焊烟尘、高温、锰及其无机化合物)、打磨作业岗位(砂轮磨尘、噪声)、碳刨作业岗位(氧化铁粉尘、高温、噪声)、熔炼作业岗位(高温)、浇注操作岗位(高温)确定为职业病危害关键控制点。结论该企业属于职业病危害严重的行业,企业应高度重视职业病防治工作,并将职业病危害关键控制点的职业病防治工作作为重中之重。[Objective]To understand the main occupational disease hazards of a ferrous metal foundry enterprise in Pudong district of Shanghai,analyze the critical control points of occupational disease hazards,provide basis for occupational disease hazards prevention in this enterprise.[Methods]The method of field investigation on occupational health,occupational hazards detection and occupational disease hazard grading were adopted to analyze.[Results]The occupational hazard factors of this project were noise,high temperature,power frequency electric field,ozone,nitrogen dioxide,carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,iron oxide dust,welding smoke dust,silica dust,wood dust,grinding wheel dust,manganese and its inorganic compounds,benzene,toluene,xylene,butyl alcohol,sulfuric acid,formaldehyde,phenol,sulfur dioxide,natural gas and propane.The CTWAof welding smoke dust in posts of CO_2 shielded welding,carbon arc gouging and polish in steel foundry were 5.3,4.1 and 4.2 mg/m^3,the Lex,8h of noise in post of carbon arc gouging and polish were 92.1/100.8 d B（A）,high temperature in posts of CO_2 shielded welding and smelting were 30.5,34.1 ℃,which all exceeded the limit of national occupational health standards.The posts of CO_2 shielded welding（welding smoke dust,high temperature,manganese and its inorganic compounds）,polish（grinding wheel dust,noise）,carbon arc gouging（iron oxide dust,high temperature,noise）,smelting（high temperature） and pouring（high temperature） in steel foundry were the critical control points of occupational disease hazards.[Conclusion]This enterprise belongs to the occupational-disease-inductive serious industry.The enterprise should attach great importance to the occupational disease prevention and control work,especially the prevention and control of critical control points of occupational disease hazards.

关 键 词：黑色金属铸造企业 职业病危害 关键控制点 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]