去留叶枝对棉花叶片、叶柄、铃柄解剖结构及产量的影响  

Effects of Pruning Treatment and Simplified-Pruning Treatment on Yield and Anatomical Structure of Cotton Leaves, Petioles, and Boll Stalks

作　　者：张颖[1,2] 任锋潇 靖姣姣[1,2] 杜欢[1,2] 孙红春[2] 刘连涛[2] 白志英[1,2] 李存东[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学生命科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学/河北省作物生长调控实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2016年第3期268-275,共8页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171495;C130101);河北省研究生创新资助项目

摘　　要：以冀棉958为材料,于花铃期观察去留叶枝对果枝叶片、叶柄和铃柄解剖学结构,研究去留叶枝对棉花形态建成、发育特性及产量的影响。设计留叶枝和去叶枝两种整枝方式,于花后15 d(花铃初期)、45 d(花铃后期)取中部果枝(第6果枝)第1果节叶片、叶柄、铃柄,通过常规石蜡切片观察其结构,并于成熟期测定产量。结果表明,去叶枝有利于提高果枝叶光合能力及蒸腾作用;有利于果枝叶及叶柄输导组织的形成和发展,即能促进同化物及水分的运输。花铃初期去叶枝有利于铃柄同化物运输到棉铃,花铃后期留叶枝有利于铃柄同化物运输到棉铃。去叶枝棉花理论产量显著高于留叶枝理论产量,表明去叶枝能够显著促进光合同化产物的形成与运输,对提高棉花产量具有重要作用。To explore the influence of the mechanism of pruning treatment and simplified-pruning treatment on morphogenesis and developmental characteristics of cotton, the yield and anatomical characterization of leaf, leaf stalk, and boll stalk of fruit branches were observed during flowering and boll-setting periods using Jimian 958 as material. At 15 d and 45 d after anthesis,structure indexes（i.e. thickness, area） of fruit branch leaf, leaf stalk, and boll stalk of the first fruit node in the middle fruit branch（the sixth fruit branch） were analyzed by conventional paraffin sectioning, and cotton yield was estimated in maturity period. Results indicated pruning treatment was beneficial for increasing photosynthesis, transpiration, and formation and development of conducting tissue in the fruit branch leaf and leafstalk of fruit branches. Pruning treatment was beneficial for the translocation of assimilates for the boll stalk of fruit branches during the prime boll-setting period. Simplified-pruning treatment was beneficial for translocation of assimilates for the boll stalk of fruit branches during the latter boll-setting period. Cotton theoretical yield was greater in the pruning treatment than in the simplified-pruning treatment. Pruning treatment significantly promoted the formation and transportation of photoassimilate, and is beneficial for increasing cotton yield.

关 键 词：整枝方式 冀棉958 解剖结构 维管束 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]