天然鳞片石墨制备可膨胀石墨的工艺研究  

Study on preparation of expandable graphite from natural flake graphite

作　　者：徐众[1,2] 万书权[1] 韩洪波[1] 张树立 

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院生物与化学工程学院,四川攀枝花617000 [2]太阳能技术集成及应用推广四川省高校重点实验室

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2016年第5期30-34,共5页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

摘　　要：以攀枝花天然鳞片石墨为原料,高锰酸钾和双氧水为氧化剂,硝酸、硫酸和高氯酸作为插层剂,制备膨胀石墨。实验发现较佳的膨化温度为950℃,并以此温度制备膨胀石墨。结果显示,以双氧水和硫酸制备的膨胀石墨其膨胀容积为130.97-221.80 m L/g;以高锰酸钾和硝酸制备的可膨胀石墨其膨胀容积为150.65-247.19 m L/g;以高锰酸钾和高氯酸制备的膨胀石墨,在干燥温度和时间分别为50℃和4-5 h时膨胀容积可达300 m L/g以上。实验还采用XRD和SEM对制备的膨胀石墨结构和形貌进行分析,测试结果发现膨胀石墨的结构完整,可用于进一步制备复合相变材料。Expandable graphite（EG） was prepared with natural flake graphite from Panzhihua as raw material,with potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agents,and with nitric acid,sulfuric acid,and perchloric acid as intercalation agents.It was found that the suitable expansion temperature was 950 ℃ by experiment,and all the EG were made at this temperature.Results showed that the expansible volume was at 130.97 ~221.80 m L/g when it made with hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid,while it was at 150.65~247.19 m L/g with potassium permanganate and nitric acid.The expansible volume was even larger than 300 m L/g when it made with potassium permanganate and perchloric acid, after dried for 4~5 h at 50 ℃.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to study its structure and morphology,and results showed that the structure of EG was complete,and it could used for making composite phase change material.

关 键 词：天然鳞片石墨 可膨胀石墨 膨胀容积 插层剂 氧化剂 

分 类 号：TQ127.1[化学工程—无机化工]