从工具主义到人本主义——俄罗斯技术哲学100年发展轨迹回溯  

From Instrumentalism to Humanism——A Review of Development Track in the Past Century to Russian Philosophy of Technology

作　　者：万长松[1] 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学文法学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2016年第5期89-94,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"俄罗斯科技哲学的范式转换与发展趋势研究"(12BZX031)

摘　　要：此文为纪念俄罗斯技术哲学诞生100周年而作。П.К.恩格迈尔奠定了工具主义的,即把技术看成是与价值无涉的中性工具、手段的技术哲学的基础;而Н.А.别尔嘉耶夫则对技术中性论的观点提出了尖锐批评,指出了技术使人、人的精神和生活产生了异化。工具主义的技术观在苏联时期达到极致,但随着苏联的解体这一观点走向衰落。在当代,技术型文明带来了全球性问题,为解决这些问题需要恢复人本主义在技术哲学中的本来地位。俄罗斯技术哲学的任务就是引领走出技术型文明的危机。This article is to commemorate the 100 th anniversary of Russian philosophy of technology. P. K. Englemeier laid the foundation of instrumentalism philosophy of technology,which put the technology as a neutral tool does not have anything to do with the value. And N. A. Berdjaev put forward a sharp criticism for technological neutrality and pointed out the technology has alienated the person,person’s spirit and life. The view of technology on instrumentalism reached its peak in Soviets period. But the view is on the decline with the collapse of Soviet Union. At present,technology-based civilization has brought the global problems,so that humanism needs to recover its place in philosophy of technology in order to solve these problems. The task of Russian philosophy of technology is the leading out of crisis of technology-based civilization.

关 键 词：П.К.恩格迈尔 技术哲学 工具主义 人本主义 科技革命 技术型文明 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]