鳞毛蕨科3种植物配子体发育的研究  

Gametophyte Development of Three Species of Dryopteridaceae

作　　者：李懿宸 齐晶[1] 郑书忆 张剑锋[1] 戴锡玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《植物研究》2016年第3期334-340,共7页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(15ZR1430500);上海市教育委员会大学生创新项目(B-9117-13-007065)

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜详细观察鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)3属3种植物,即耳蕨属的棕鳞耳蕨(Polystichum polyblepharum)、鳞毛蕨属的黑足鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris fuscipes)和鞭叶蕨属的鞭叶蕨(Cyrtomidictyum lepidocaulon)配子体发育过程,记录配子体各发育阶段的特征。结果表明:棕鳞耳蕨、黑足鳞毛蕨和鞭叶蕨的孢子都为单裂缝,孢子萌发类型为书带蕨型,配子体发育类型为三叉蕨型,性器官为薄囊蕨型,成熟原叶体为对称的心脏形,具毛状体;3属的属间差异包括孢子颜色、孢子纹饰、萌发时间、丝状体长度、片状体形状、毛状体和假根等特征,上述特征在属间存在交叉现象,因此,孢子形态和配子体发育特征不能作为区分耳蕨属、鳞毛蕨属和鞭叶蕨属的形态依据。We observed the spore germination and gametophyte development of three species of Polystichum polyblepharum,Dryopteris fuscipes and Cyrtomidictyum lepidocaulon belonging to Dryopteridaceae by using light microscopy,and recorded the characteristics of gametophytes of different development stages. The spores of three species are monolete; the germination is centripetal-type and the gametophyte development is aspidiumtype; sex organs are of the type of leptosporangiate; mature gametophytes are cordate with hairs; differences among three species include spore color,spore ornamentation,germination time,filament length,plate shape,hairs,and rhizoids. These characteristics are overlapping between the three genera. Therefore, spore morphology and development of gametophyte can ＇t be the evidences distinguishing the three genera Polystichum,Dryopteris and Cyrtomidictyum.

关 键 词：鳞毛蕨科 棕鳞耳蕨 黑足鳞毛蕨 鞭叶蕨 配子体发育 

分 类 号：S682.35[农业科学—观赏园艺]