云顶山亚高山草甸植被分布、物种多样性与土壤化学因子的相关性  

Relationships between Vegetation Distribution,Species Diversity of Subalpine Meadow and Soil Chemical Factors in the Yundingshan,China

作　　者：杜京旗[1] 张巧仙[1] 田晓东[1] 王悦[1] 许馨云[1] 宋丽[1] 袁自强 

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院植物化学研究所,吕梁033000 [2]草地农业系统国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《植物研究》2016年第3期444-451,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：山西省基础研究自然科学基金项目(2013011029-1);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2013167);吕梁学院校内基金(ZRXN201309)

摘　　要：根据36个样地27个种的野外调查数据,运用双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)将云顶山亚高山草甸植被分为蒲公英+钝裂银莲花+车前群丛、委陵菜+鳞叶龙胆+蒲公英+车前群丛、蒲公英+委陵菜+百里香群丛、车前+委陵菜+百里香+白莲蒿群丛、车前+白莲蒿+委陵菜群丛和蒲公英+羊茅+车前群丛。运用典范对应分析法(CCA)分析了p H、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、K^+、Cl^-、Ca^(^(2+))、Mg^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Fe、有机质(OM)10个土壤化学因子和云顶山亚高山草甸植被分布的相关关系。CCA结果表明,TN、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Fe是影响云顶山亚高山草甸植被分布的主要土壤化学因子,6个群丛分别对应不同的土壤生境。土壤化学因子与物种多样性指数的相关分析表明,TN、Ca^(2+)与Shannon-Weiner指数H呈正相关;TN、Mg^(2+)与丰富度指数R分别呈正相关、负相关;K^+与R、H、均匀度指数E均呈正相关。因此,物种多样性的保护应结合当地的土壤特点。With the data from field investigation of 36 sampling areas with 27 species of the community of subalpine meadow in the Yundingshan,China,we used Two-way Indicator Species Analysis（ TWINSPAN） to compartmentalize the sampling areas into different associations. Six associations were obtained： Ass. Taraxacum mongolicum ＋ Anemone obtusiloba ＋ Plantago asiatica, Ass. Potentilla chinensis ＋ Gentiana squarrosa ＋Taraxacum mongolicum ＋ Plantago asiatica,Ass. Taraxacum mongolicum ＋ Potentilla chinensis ＋ Thymus mongolicus,Ass. Plantago asiatica ＋ Potentilla chinensis ＋ Thymus mongolicus ＋ Artemisia sacrorum,Ass.Plantago asiatica ＋ Artemisia sacrorum ＋ Potentilla chinensis,and Ass. Taraxacum mongolicum ＋ Festuca ovina ＋Plantago asiatica. By Canonical Correspondence Analysis（ CCA）,we analyzed the relationships between the meadow vegetation distribution patterns and soil chemical factors. Soil chemical factors consisted of soil p H,total nitrogen,total phosphprus,K＋,Cl-,Ca2＋,Mg2＋,Zn2＋,Fe,organic matter（ OM）. The total nitrogen,Ca2＋,Mg2＋,Fe were the main soil environmental factors which affected distribution of the community of subalpine meadow in the Yundingshan. Six associations were,respectively,correlated with different habitat.Correlation was carried out between species richness index,evenness index and Shannon-Weiner index,the results showed that total nitrogen,Ca2＋showed a significant positive correlation with Shannon-Weiner index（ P〈 0. 05）,a positive relationship was between total nitrogen and species richness index（ P〈 0. 05）,a negative relationship was between species richness index and Mg2＋（ P〈 0. 05）,a positive relationship of between species richness index（ P〈 0. 05）,evenness index（ P〈 0. 05）,Shannon-Weiner index（ P〈 0. 01）and K＋. Therefore,the protecting species diversity should be combined with local characteristics of the soil.

关 键 词：物种多样性 分布 TWINSPAN CCA 土壤化学因子 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]