论电磁环境的相对性与“接地气”的复杂度评估  

Relativity of Electromagnetic Environment and Down-to-earth Complexity Evaluation

作　　者：王健[1] 张江明[1] 王瑞[1] 李旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国电波传播研究所,青岛266107

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2016年第5期1249-1255,共7页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：青岛市自主创新重大专项基金(青科创14-6-1-8-ZDZX);国家863计划(2015AA7124068A);国家973计划(6133190102)~~

摘　　要：为了更加客观地评估电磁环境复杂度及其对电子信息系统的影响,该文以通信系统为例剖析了电磁环境复杂度根源表征量信干噪比,建立了电磁环境等级与2FSK,BPSK,QPSK,MSK,QAM数据通信系统性能的映射,并引入"电磁环境余量"和"信号余量"概念,给出了面向典型数据通信系统的"电磁环境图谱",为实现有用信号强度、电磁环境干扰和噪声信号强度到电磁环境复杂度等级间转换提供了直接途径。以此为基础,研究了面向电子信息系统的极化量提取、实时频谱分析技术,提出了电磁环境测量评估系统组成,分析了其工作原理,设计了面向电子信息系统的电磁环境测量、评估流程。最后,利用数字仿真方式,对于应用MSK/单极天线、64-QAM/偶极天线、QPSK/喇叭天线、2FSK/缝隙天线的4类通信系统,分析了上述系统在同一电磁环境下的不同效应,其复杂度等级分别为Ⅲ级,Ⅴ级,Ⅳ级和Ⅱ级。结果显示,面向对象的电磁环境要素测量可有效地获取与电子信息系统相关的电磁环境分量;相同电磁环境下不同通信设备可产生不同效应,这充分验证了电磁环境的复杂度具有明显的相对性。To improve the objectivity of evaluation for electromagnetic environment complexity and its influence on electronic information system, taking communication system as an example, the springhead characters of electromagnetic environment complexity, namely signal to interference and noise ratio, is analyzed. The mapping relation between electromagnetic environment grades and the performance, for different systems including 2FSK, BPSK, QPSK, MSK, and QAM is reconstructed. By putting forward electromagnetic environment margin and signal margin, the atlas of electromagnetic environment complexity for typical data communication system is provided. The atlas provides a direct conversion way from signal intensity, interference and noise intensity to the complexity of the electromagnetic environment. Based on this, polarization information extraction and real time spectrum analysis technique for electronic information system are researched. Then, the system composition for measuring and evaluating electromagnetic environment is presented and the operating principle is also analyzed. Based on computer simulation technique, different effects of four communication systems are given： the electromagnetic environment complexity for communication system using MSK and vertical monopole is III grade; that for 64-QAM and horizontal dipole is V grade; that for QPSK and horn antenna is IV grade; that for 2FSK and aperture antenna is II grade. Simulation results indicate that electromagnetic environment component for different communication systems can be effectively obtained by the above-mentioned measuring system, and electromagnetic environment has different effects on the different communication systems just as electromagnetism complexities for different targets are distinct.

关 键 词：电磁环境 复杂度图谱 根源表征量 信干噪比 系统设计 

分 类 号：TM937[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]