草地生态系统服务目标与牧户层面补偿标准的关系——以黄河源区沙曲河口玛曲段为例  

The Relationship Problem between the Goal of Grassland Ecosystem Services and Herdsman Level Compensation Standards:A Case of Shaqu Estuary-Maqu Segment in Yellow River Source Region

作　　者：韦惠兰[1] 宗鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学经济学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《系统工程》2016年第3期80-86,共7页Systems Engineering

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203006);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(14LZUJBWYJ003)

摘　　要：围绕如何实施有效的草原生态补偿机制,激励牧户自愿转变草地利用方式,达到期望的生态系统服务目标,以黄河源区沙曲河口玛曲段为例,运用最小数据方法,以单位面积禁牧草地水源涵养量的机会成本的空间分布推导了不同县域不同补偿标准下的禁牧草地所能达到的水源涵养量目标,明确了补偿标准与禁牧草地水源涵养量目标之间的关系。结果表明:(1)当向牧户提供足够高的生态补偿标准时,牧户自愿转变草地利用方式的比例越来越高,禁牧草地所能达到的水源涵养量也越来越高;(2)按照现行草原生态保护补助奖励机制政策的禁牧补助标准对牧户进行补助,能够激励牧户自愿转化草地利用方式的比例非常低,禁牧草地所能达到的水源涵养量目标与期望的理论目标相差甚远;(3)如果按照实际调查的机会成本作为补偿标准对牧户进行补偿,则几乎能够激励牧户全部自愿转化草地利用方式,实现禁牧草地所能达到的水源涵养量的理论目标。In order to explore how to implement effective of ecological compensation mechanism in grassland,excitation herdsmen to voluntarily change the grassland utilization patterns for achieve a desired the goal of ecosystem services.This paper deals with the spatial distribution of water conservation of unit area of grazing ban in grassland,to deduce the goal of water conservation under the different standard compensation by minimum-data approach in Shaqu estuary-Maqu segment of Yellow River source region.The results show that：（1）When the herdsmen are provided with a sufficiently high ecological compensation standards,the higher proportion in which they voluntarily change the grassland into utilization patterns,the more water conservation can be achieved in grazing ban;（2）If they are subsidized by the grazing ban subsidies standard of the grassland ecological protection subsidy incentives policy,the ratio at which they voluntarily change the grasslandinto utilization patterns is very low,the goal of water conservation that can be achieved is far from the expected theoretical goal in grazing ban;（3）If the opportunity cost of the actual survey is used as the compensation standard to compensate herdsmen,they will be inspired to change almost all of grassland into utilization patterns,and the goal of water conservation can be achieved.

关 键 词：最小数据方法 禁牧草地利用方式 机会成本 补偿标准 供给曲线 

分 类 号：F062[经济管理—政治经济学]