通过私益的公益保护——以公益慈善立法中的公益定位为视角  

The Public Interest Protection by the Private Interest:In the perspective of the Charity Legislation

作　　者：马金芳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学科学研究院 [2]华东政法大学法律史博士后流动站

出　　处：《政法论坛》2016年第3期60-71,共12页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：司法部项目"社会法的生成路径;基因与规律"(13SFB3002);中国博士后特别资助项目"社会法的生成机理;世界趋势与中国场域"(2015T80418);上海市教委创新资助项目:"社会民生;社会发展与社会法的理论与实践"(14YS088)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：对公益的绝对化理解割裂了公益与私益之间的辩证关联,阻碍了对公益的全方位保护,并最终影响了公益事业的提升和推进。追本溯源,基于人类的内在本性和生存需要,公益的保护离不开私益的重要推动。以私益为驱动机制对公益进行保护既符合人性的类本质,也契合世界范围内公益与私益的混合趋势。在我国既有的公益慈善立法中,私益和公益的割裂在很大程度上造成了公益组织的资格阙如和能力不足,进一步暴露责任、资格与能力之间的矛盾和悖反。适逢我国慈善立法的关键时期,倡导平衡主义、混合主义和市场化的立法思想,促进公益与私益的整合、以私益促动公益、保护公益组织和公益人员的合法权益正当其时。The absolute understanding of public interest separates the dialectical association between public interest and private interest,and hinders the full protection to public interest,and also ultimately affects the promotion and advancement towards public interest. Tracing to its source,it is an essential of private interest to protect public interest,based on the human nature and its inherent need to survive. Protecting the public interest in private interest- driven mechanism is consistent with the human generic nature,and fits the mixed trend of public interest and private interest all over the world. Through the existing public interest and charity legislation in China,the separation of private interest and public interest is largely responsible for the lack of qualification and abilities to non- profit organizations and exposes further the paradox and contradiction of responsibilities,qualifications and abilities. Coinciding with a critical period of charity legislation,it is a right time to advocate the legislative ideas of egalitarian,syncretism and market- orienting,integrate public interest and private interest,promote public interest by public interest and protect the legal rights of non- profit organizations,Employees and Volunteers.

关 键 词：公益 私益 公益组织 公益人员 慈善 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学]