红香芋试管球茎膨大过程中主要碳水化合物含量以及淀粉合成相关酶活性的动态研究  

Study on the Dynamic Changes of the Major Carbohydrate Content and the Related Enzyme Activities during the Microcorm Development of Colocasia esculenta

作　　者：臧玉文 蒋芳玲[1] 程雅琪[1] 孔祥宇[1] 吴震[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第4期700-705,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目--现代园艺科学

摘　　要：为了探讨芋(Colocasia esculenta(L.)Schott)试管球茎膨大期间糖类物质积累特点,以红香芋无菌试管苗为材料,研究了高浓度蔗糖诱导条件下,红香芋试管球茎形成及膨大过程中主要碳水化合物的变化规律,以及与相关酶活性的关系。结果表明:(1)在红香芋试管球茎膨大过程中,果糖、葡萄糖和总可溶性糖含量均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,果糖含量在诱导至第27天时达到最大值,而总可溶性糖和葡萄糖含量均在第34天达到峰值;蔗糖含量呈现先上升、后下降、再上升的变化趋势,在培养第48天时积累量达到最大值。(2)红香芋试管球茎总淀粉含量、直链和支链淀粉含量均随培养时间的延长而增加,至膨大后期总淀粉含量达到最大值,淀粉总含量约占干重的76%,并以支链淀粉含量为主。(3)解剖学观察发现,随着试管球茎的形成与膨大,贮藏组织中淀粉粒密度不断增大,至球茎膨大后期,淀粉粒布满薄壁细胞,并且处于比较稳定的水平。(4)诱导培养至第41天时,试管球茎的ADPG焦磷酸化酶和Q-酶活性均达到最大值,分别为1.22和2.39μmol·g^(-1)·min^(-1)。相关性分析发现,从茎基部开始膨大(20d)至ADPG焦磷酸化酶和Q-酶活性达峰值(41d)时,ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性与总淀粉含量、Q-酶活性与支链淀粉含量的相关系数分别为0.819和0.738,二者均呈极显著正相关。研究认为,淀粉的积累以及可溶性糖类含量的变化与红香芋试管球茎的膨大发育密切相关,并受到相关酶的调控。In order to investigate the characteristics of carbohydrate accumulation during the expansion stage of Colocasia esculenta （L.）Schott microcorm, with aseptic ＂ Hongxiangyu~ plantlets as material, we stud- ied the changes of the maior carbohydrate content and the relevant enzymes activities as well as their corre- lation under high glucose concentration. The results showed that. （1） The contents of fructose, glucose and soluble sugar all increased firstly and then decreased during the development of microcorm. The fruc- tose content of corms reached the maximum after 27 days induction, and the highest contents of total solu-ble sugar and glucose appeared on the 34th day. The sucrose content represented an up-down-up trend, peaking on the 48th day. （2） The contents of total starch, amylose and amylopectin increased with the in- cubation time. The total amount of starch reached the peak at late extension stage, accounting for about 76~ of dry weight, and mainly was amylopectin. （3） Based on anatomical study, the starch granule densi- ty of storage tissue increased with the development of microcorm and covered the parenchyma cells in late stage. （4） Both of ADPGPase and Q-enzyme activities reached the maximum on the 41st day, with 1.22 and 2.39 μmol · g-1 o min-1, respectively. By correlation analysis between ADPGPase activity and total starch content, Q-enzyme activity and amylopectin content, from shoots beginning to expand （20 d） to ADPGPase and Q-enzyme activity reaching the peak （41 d）, the correlation coefficient were 0. 819 and 0. 738, showing a significant positive correlation. The research suggested that the accumulation of starch and soluble sugar content changes were closely related to the development of Hongxiangyu microcorm, and were regulated by related enzymes.

关 键 词：芋 试管球茎 碳水化合物 ADPG焦磷酸化酶 Q-酶 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]