锰素浸种对小麦幼苗光合特性及其根系形态与活力的影响  

Effects of Manganese Soaking on Wheat Seedling Photosynthetic Characteristics and Root System,Root Vigor

作　　者：孟祥萍[1,2] 李春霞[1,2] 国海燕 丁瑞霞[1,2] 杨宝平[1,2] 蔡铁[1,2] 韩清芳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨陵712100 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第4期745-750,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"课题(2013AA102902);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD09B03);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B12007)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,以小麦品种‘西农979’为材料,设置对照（0g/L）、低（0.03g/L）、中（0.06g/L）和高（0.12g/L）4个锰浸种浓度,探讨锰素浸种对小麦苗期光合作用、根系形态指标及其活力的影响。结果显示：（1）在0~0.06g/L锰浸种浓度下,随着锰浓度的增加,小麦幼苗叶片的光合色素含量和净光合速率显著增加,气孔导度增大,胞间二氧化碳浓度降低,叶片水分利用效率增加,并在0.06g/L浓度时效果最佳;当锰浓度高于0.06g/L时,叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间二氧化碳均呈下降趋势。（2）0.06g/L锰浸种处理小麦幼苗总根长、根表面积、根体积和根系活力均达到最大,并显著高于对照。（3）小麦幼苗的地上部、根系和整株干重以及根冠比均随着锰浓度的增加呈先升后降的单峰曲线变化,并在0.06g/L处理下达到最大,且显著高于对照。研究表明,适宜浓度锰素浸种能够有效提高小麦苗期的光合特性,促进根系发育,进而促进小麦出叶和冬前分蘖,但过高浓度的锰素浸种则会抑制小麦生长;综合考虑小麦幼苗光合特性、根系和生物量的表现,当地缺锰地区可通过适当浓度锰素（0.06g/L）浸种有效促进小麦苗期生长。In order to clarify the effects of different concentrations of thesis, root system, root vigor and biomass of wheat seedling, this four manganese gradients of 0 g/L ,0.03 g/L,0.06 g/L and 0.12 g/ the material. The results showed that： （1）Within the range 0-0.06 ic pigment, net photosynthetic rate（Pn）, stomatal conductanee（Gs） manganese（Mn） soaring on piqotosyn- paper perforrned pot experiment at the L,using wheat variety ＇Xinong 979＇ as g/L of Mn soaking, the photosynthet- ） and water use efficiency（WUEL） of leaf were enhanced and intercellular CO2 concentration（Cs） was declined with increasing Mn amount. A- mong them, the promotion effect of 0.06 g/L of Mn soaking was mostly obvious; when Mn application level was higher than 0.06 g/L, the trend declined in /Dn, transpiration rate（Tr）, Gs, Ci; （2） Total root length, surface area, root volume, root vigor were the greatest in wheat seedlings under 0.06 g/L treat ment, which was showed significant differences to control; （3） The trend of up-ground dry weight, root and root-shoot ratios in wheat seedlings appeared as single peak curves, which was the greatest under 0.06 g/L treatment. Moreover it showed significant differences to control. In general, appropriate concentra- tion Mn soaking could improve the function of wheat leaf photosynthetic capacity and development of root under seedling stage. However, soaking wheat seeds by higher concentration Mn, would decrease growth of wheat seedling. Therefore in a comprehensive consideration of photosynthetic characteristics,root sys- tem and biomass, we propose that the optimal manganese soaking concentration is 0.06 g/L in the local with lack of manganese.

关 键 词：锰素 浸种 小麦 苗期 根系 光合 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]