施特劳斯《哲学与律法》中的自然法问题  

The Natural Law in Leo Strauss' Philosophy and Law

作　　者：黄瑞成[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学高等人文社会科学研究院,研究员重庆400044

出　　处：《学术月刊》2016年第5期27-33,共7页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：严格意义上,作为"自然法"之观念来源的"自然正当"创始于柏拉图。柏拉图的"哲人-王"构想就是"最佳政制",就是"自然正当"的完美体现。迈蒙尼德的"先知"作为"集哲人-政治家-预言家(-行神迹者)于一身的人",就是"理想国家的缔造者",迈蒙尼德的"理想国家"就是柏拉图式的"自然正当"的完美体现。正是通过迈蒙尼德的先知论,柏拉图的"哲人-王"构想有了实现的可能,说明柏拉图的"自然正当"必得以启示律法为前提,才能够造就现实的"最佳政制"。由此可见,"自然法"及其观念来源,也就是由柏拉图创始的"自然正当",正是《哲学与律法》的核心主题;也从而表明,无论在施特劳斯思想历程的真正起点,还是在施特劳斯思想历程的终点,"自然法"或者更准确地说"自然正当",都居于核心位置。In the strict sense, the concept of ＂natural law＂ originates in Plato＇s ＂natural right＂. Plato＇s idea of the sovereignty of ＂philosopher-king＂ is the perfect embodiment of ＂natural right＂, and his idea of the reign of ＂philosopher-king＂ is the ＂best polity＂. Maimonides＇s ＂prophet＂ as ＂philosopher/statesman/seer/（miracle-worker） in one＂ is ＂the founder of the ideal state,＂ and his ＂ideal state＂ is the perfect embodiment of the platonic concept of ＂natural right＂. It is Maimonides＇s prophecy through which Plato＇s concept of ＂philosopher-king＂ has the possibility to actualize. It indicates that the actualization of the ＂best polity＂ as the realization of the platonic concept of ＂natural right＂ must be established upon the premise of law from revelation. Thereout, the platonic concept of ＂natural right＂ as the original concept of ＂natural law＂ is the central theme of Leo Strauss＇s Philosophy and Law： the concept of ＂natural law＂, more accurately, the platonic concept of ＂natural right＂, lies in the core of Leo Strauss＇s thought, not only at the outset of it, but also at the end of it, as indicated in his last book Studies in Platonic Political Philosophy.

关 键 词：施特劳斯 《哲学与律法》 自然法 自然正当 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学]