准噶尔盆地北缘哈拉阿拉特山构造带油气输导系统类型及运聚模式  

Types of carrier system and models of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation of Hala'alat Mountain structural belt in the northern margin of Junggar Basin

作　　者：韩祥磊[1] 吴倩倩[1] 林会喜[1] 张奎华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院西部分院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2016年第4期609-618,共10页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"碎屑岩层系大中型油气田富集规律与勘探关键技术"(编号:2011ZX05002-002);中国石化科技重大攻关课题"哈山构造带成藏主控因素研究"(编号:P13020)联合资助

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地北缘哈拉阿拉特山构造带经历多期构造运动的叠加改造,地质结构复杂,油气运聚规律复杂,极大地制约了油气勘探。以已发现油气藏为研究对象,采取地质解剖与地球化学分析相结合的方法,根据原油中生物标志化合物和含氮化合物等示踪指标在运移过程中的地质色层效应原理,对不同构造单元的油气输导特征进行研究。结果表明,超剥带与推覆—冲断带属于不同的油气输导系统,两者之间存在侏罗系八道湾组底不整合风化黏土层、不整合面之上灰(泥)质砾岩和推覆体顶部石炭系火山岩风化"硬壳"多重致密分隔层;且两者具有不同的油气来源和油气输导样式。浅层超剥带原油来源于玛湖凹陷风城组烃源岩,为远源"断—毯"横向输导模式;中深层推覆—冲断带油气来源于哈山地区风城组烃源岩,为近源"多断"联合垂向输导模式,其中,推覆叠置区为"断—缝"网状输导,冲断叠加区为"断—砂"阶梯输导,断褶变形区为断层优势输导。不同构造单元的输导要素差异配置控制了油气运聚成藏,形成了研究区立体含油的分布格局。The Hala＇alat Mountain structural belt is controlled by multi-period structural superposition during the long geohistory,the geological structure and the regular pattern of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation are complicated,which restricts the oil and gas exploration.Through typical reservoir dissecting,the geological structure of anatomy and the combination of organic geochemical analyses were examined,based on the geological chromatographic effect principle of biomarker compounds and nitrogen compounds from crude oil in the process of migration,to study the characteristics of hydrocarbon migration in different tectonic units.The results showed that between the overlap denudation zone and nappe-thrust zone have several separate layers,such as the bottom of the Jurassic Badaowan Formation weathered clay layer,the ash（mud）mass conglomerate layer and the top of the nappe carboniferous volcanic weathered tight＂hard crust＂.Deep and shallow types of migration systems are divided,the systems had different source rocks and migration styles.The ＂fault-carpet＂distal lateral transforming pattern was in overlap-denudation zone,which was derived from the Fengcheng Formation（P1f）source rocks in Mahu Depression,the ＂multifault＂vertical transforming pattern was in nappe-thrust zone,which was derived from P1 fsource rocks in Hashan area.The style of ＂ multi-fault＂ pattern can be further subdivided into three kinds which are fault micro-fracture net-shaped pattern in the western nappe superimposed district,＂fault-sand＂ladder pattern in the middle thrust superimposed district,and fault dominant pattern in the eastern faulted fold district.The configuration of conducting elements was controlled hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in different tectonic units,which formed the three-dimensional oil and gas distribution pattern in Hashan area.

关 键 词：地质结构 输导模式 地球化学示踪 超剥带 推覆—冲断带 哈山地区 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]