高选择性和高灵敏度的microRNA检测技术的研究进展  

Research Progress on mi RNA Detection Techniques with High Sensitivity and High Selectivity

作　　者：陈珍珠[1] 李蕊[1] 田飞[1] 沈彦婷[1] 葛芹玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学学习科学研究中心,南京210096

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2016年第4期39-47,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

摘　　要：micro RNA(mi RNA)是一类内源性的具有调控功能的非编码RNA,在多种细胞过程中起重要的调节作用,如细胞发育、脂肪代谢、器官生成、细胞分化及细胞凋亡等。研究表明,mi RNA的表达水平变化与肿瘤、糖尿病等多种疾病的发生发展密切相关,因此对于mi RNA表达水平进行准确快速的检测是对其进行深入研究的前提。目前mi RNA的检测分析技术众多,但是对于mi RNA多态性和突变的检测技术还不甚成熟,而且生物样本中微量mi RNA检测技术的灵敏度亦需要进一步的发展与突破。就近年来mi RNA的高选择性和高灵敏度的检测方法进行了综述,旨为相关的检测技术进一步研究提供重要帮助。microRNAs （ miRNAs ）, a class of small, endogenous and non-coding RNAs, play critical regulatory functions in many cell processes such as cell development, fat metabolism, organs generation, cell differentiation and apoptosis, etc. Researchers have discovered that the dysregulation of miRNA expression is closely associated with various diseases including human cancers and diabetes. Therefore, the prompt and accurate detection of miRNA expression is the prerequisite for the further iesearches on it. Many assays for miRNA detection have recently been developed, but the detection techniques for polymorphism and mutation of miRNA are not so mature. Furthermore, the sensitivity for detection technology of microscale miRNA in biological samples also needs further development and breakthroughs. The new developed miRNA detection techniques with high selectivity and high sensitivity are reviewed in this paper, and then this may provide important assistance for further study on the related detection technologies.

关 键 词：MI RNA 检测方法 高选择性 高灵敏度 基因调控 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]