泥石流频发流域物源区坡面不同植被类型土壤质量综合评价  

Comprehensive assessment of soil quality under different vegetation types in the provenance slope of the area of high-frequency debris flow

作　　者：陈爱民[1] 邓浩俊 严思维 林勇明[1,2] 张广帅[1] 杜锟 吴承祯[1,2,3] 洪伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福州350002 [3]武夷学院生态与资源工程学院,南平354300

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2016年第2期249-256,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201564);福建农林大学林学院青年科研基金项目(6112C039Q)资助~~

摘　　要：为了解不同植被类型对土壤质量的影响效应,以泥石流频发区云南东川蒋家沟流域的花生、石榴、扭黄茅、坡柳和新银合欢5种植被类型为研究对象,分析不同植被类型土壤的理化性质和生物酶活性,运用土壤质量综合指数法,探讨泥石流频发流域物源区坡面不同植被类型的土壤质量状况.结果显示:坡柳、扭黄茅的土壤通透性和结构稳定性优于新银合欢、花生和石榴,坡柳的保水性最好,新银合欢和花生较差;扭黄茅和坡柳的有机质(95.84 g/kg和91.05 g/kg)、全N(4.06 g/kg和4.51 g/kg)、水解N(162.09 mg/kg和157.24 mg/kg)含量显著高于新银合欢、石榴和花生,石榴的有效P(101.96 mg/kg)和速效K(352.58 mg/kg)含量最高;扭黄茅的氧化还原状况最好,花生最差;5种植被类型土壤质量综合指数的大小依次为:坡柳(0.68)>扭黄茅(0.60)>石榴(0.56)>新银合欢(0.45)>花生(0.33).研究表明,坡柳和扭黄茅对改良土壤、提高土壤质量的效果较好,新银合欢和花生较差,泥石流频发流域应以坡柳等灌木及原生扭黄茅等草本作为植被恢复的优选植被,同时应实施退耕措施,做好保肥工作,以有效提高土壤质量.Aiming to understand the effect of vegetation type on soil quality in the area of fragile ecological environment, this research studied the soil quality of different vegetation types at Jiangjia Gully, Yunnan, China in the provenance slope of the area of high-frequency debris flow. The physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities of the soil of Arachis hypogage （AH）, Punica granatum （PG）, Heteropogon contortus （HC）, Dodonaea viscose （DV） and Leucaena leucoeephala （LL） were analyzed and investigated their soil quality by the integrated soil quality index. The results showed that： （1） The soil permeability and structure stability were better in HC and DV than in LL, AH and PG; the water retention was the best in DV but inferior in LL and AH. （2） The contents of soil organic matter, total-N, and alkali-hydrolysable-N were significantly higher in DV and HC than in LL, PG and AH; the contents of available-P and available-K was the highest in PG. （3） The situation of redox was the best in HC and the worst in AH. （4） The integrated soil quality index was in the order of DV （0.68） 〉 HC （0.60） 〉 PG （0.56） 〉 LL （0.45） 〉 AH （0.33）. The results indicated that DV and HC are more helpful in improving the soil quality, and it is advisable to take shrub （DV） and grass （HC） into priority consideration for vegetation restoration in the area of high- frequency debris flow. Besides, we should focus on reducing tillage and protecting the fertilizer of soil in this area.

关 键 词：泥石流 土壤质量 综合指数 植被恢复 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]