高边坡工程堆积体产流产沙特性研究  

Study on Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Steep Slope of Engineering Accumulation Body

作　　者：张少佳[1] 高照良[1,2] 李永红[2] 张乐涛[1] 刘子壮 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第2期107-110,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"农村领域科技计划项目"农田水土保持关键技术研究与示范"(2011BAD31B01)

摘　　要：工程堆积体在强降雨条件下极易发生严重的水土流失,成为某些建设项目主要的水土流失来源。为了系统揭示高边坡工程堆积体的土壤侵蚀特点,在建设的3个坡度(24°,28°和32°)、宽5m、坡长20m的小区上进行放水冲刷试验。结果表明,产流量、产沙量与放水流量、坡度之间存在线性正相关关系,即随着放水流量、坡度的增大,产流量、产沙量在不断增大。临界产流放水流量和临界产沙放水流量均说明工程堆积体下渗强烈。由于下渗强烈,流量较小时(30L/min),坡度对产流量的影响不明显。试验条件下产流量和产沙量存在密切的幂函数关系,具体表达式是Ms=0.560 W^(0.886)。Engineering accumulation bodies are prone to serious soil erosion under heavy rainfall and other conditions,which becomes a major source of soil erosion in some construction projects.In order to systematically discover the characteristics of soil erosion on steep slope of engineering bodies,souring experiments were carried out on steep slopes of engineering bodies,with 3slope gradients（24°,28°and 32°）,5mof slope width and 20 mof slope length.Through these experiments,we found that runoff and sediment yield showed positive linear relationships with drainage flow and slope gradient.With the increases of drainage flow and slope gradient,runoff and sediment yield also increased.Critical drainage flow rates of runoff and sediment yielding indicated the strong infiltration of engineering accumulation body.Due to the strong infiltration,when the drainage flow was small（30L/min）,effect of slope gradient on runoff yield was not obvious.There was a significant power function relationship between runoff and sediment yield under test conditions,and the expression was Ms=0.560 W^（0.886）.

关 键 词：放水冲刷试验 高边坡 工程堆积体 产流产沙 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]