紫色土丘陵区土壤入渗及其测定方法研究  

Study on Soil Infiltration and Its Determination Methods in Purple Hilly Region

作　　者：莫斌 陈晓燕[2,3] 刘涛 杨以翠 黄秀凤 黄启亮 林芷行 简慧 周土金 申云康 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院,南宁530000 [2]西南大学资源环境学院/西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400716 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第2期116-121,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目(XDJK2011C013);西南大学生态学重点学科"211"工程建设经费资助项目

摘　　要：为了研究紫色土丘陵区林草地土壤入渗规律,并对比不同测定方法间的差异性,采用点源入渗法、双环法和环刀法对其入渗性能进行测定。结果表明:林地土壤入渗过程呈现的规律性比草地的好,且用点源入渗法和环刀法测定进入稳定阶段用时较双环法快1倍以上;采用4种入渗模型对土壤入渗过程拟合的效果表现为Horton模型(R^2=0.953)>通用经验模型(R^2=0.941)>Kostiakov模型(R^2=0.920)>Philip模型(R^2=0.819),且草地的拟合效果比林地的好;林地的初渗速率、稳渗速率、平均入渗速率比草地的大,分别大了21.03%~116%,30.43%~102.56%,26.35%~112.73%;2种地类的初渗速率大小为点源入渗法>双环法>环刀法,稳渗速率表现为双环法>环刀法>点源入渗法,平均入渗率则为双环法>点源入渗法>环刀法;土壤入渗性能各项指标与其理化性质相关性差别较大。点源入渗法在紫色土丘陵区尚属新方法,在研究中应视情况而采用。Soil infiltration is an important part of basin hydrological cycle,and it is also the key connection of rainfall runoff and soil water movement.In order to study the soil infiltration law of woodland and grassland and compare the differences between the 3determination methods in purple hilly region,the point-source infiltration method,double-ring method and cutting ring method were used to determine the infiltration performance.The results showed that the regularity of soil infiltration process in the woodland was better than that of grassland.The time of using the point-source infiltration method and cutting ring method to reach a stable infiltration stage were at least twice as fast as the time of using the double ring method.The 4infiltration models were used to fit the soil infiltration process,and the fitting effect listed in the order of Horton model（R^2=0.953）〉general empirical model（R^2=0.941）〉Kostiakov model（R^2=0.920）〉Philip model（R^2=0.819）.Besides,the fitting effect of grassland was better than that of woodland.The initial infiltration rate,stable infiltration rate and average infiltration rate of woodland were greater than those of grassland,and the large amplitude reached 21.03%—116%,30.43%—102.56% and 26.35%—112.73%,respectively.The initial infiltration rates determined by the 3methods in the 2land types followed the order of point-source infiltration method〉double-ring method〉cutting ring method,while the stable infiltration rates showed the sequence of double-ring method〉cutting ring method〉point-source infiltration method,and the average infiltration rates listed in the order of double-ring method〉point-source infiltration method〉cutting ring method.Moreover,there were great differences in correlations between various indicators of soil infiltration and soilphysicochemical properties.The point-source infiltration method,as a new method in the purple hilly area,has a variety of advantages and insufficiency,so its application should depend on the actual situ

关 键 词：不同测定方法 入渗性能 紫色土丘陵区 入渗模型 入渗影响因素 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]