地表下纳米碳混合层对土壤入渗过程的影响  

Effects of Nano Carbon Mixing Layer Under the Surface of Soil on Infiltration Process

作　　者：吕金榜[1] 周蓓蓓[1] 王全九[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第2期126-130,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239009);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371239);陕西省科技支撑项目(2013KJXX-38);陕西省水利专项支撑计划项目(2011slkj-04;2013slkj-04)

摘　　要：以黄绵土为研究对象,将纳米碳在土壤表层以下20cm处均匀混合,研究了不同纳米碳含量(质量含量分别为0,0.001,0.005,0.01g/g),不同纳米碳-土壤混合层厚度(1,2,3,4,5cm)对土壤水力特性的影响,结果表明:(1)土壤表层20cm以下纳米碳层可以增加土壤累积入渗量,当纳米碳含量增加到0.5%时,累积入渗量显著增加。(2)纳米碳层厚度为3cm时累积入渗量明显增大,随纳米碳层厚度继续增加,累积入渗量无显著变化。(3)Philip方程能较好的模拟含有纳米碳层的黄绵土入渗过程,纳米碳含量为0.5%和1%时,吸渗率明显高于对照土壤,纳米碳层厚度为3cm、含量为0.5%为合理施碳厚度与比例。(4)对照土壤不同深度处含水量的变化很小,土层深处含水量亦很高,而含纳米碳层的土壤表层20cm以下的土壤含水量明显变低,当纳米碳层厚度为3-5cm时,效果尤为明显。因此将纳米碳作为土壤改良剂施入地表以下,对于改善黄土高原土质水土流失具有重要意义。Improving soil water retention ability is of great significance to increase crop yields and improve ecological environment of loess plateau.In this study,loessial soil was selected as the research object,and nano carbon was mixed with soil at 20 cm of soil depth to study the influence of different nano carbon contents（quality content of 0g/g,0.001g/g,0.005g/g and 0.01g/g）and different thickness（1cm,2cm,3cm,4cm,5cm）of nano carbon mixing layer on soil hydraulic characteristics.The results showed that：（1）The nano carbon layer below 20 cm of the soil surface could increase the cumulative infiltration of soil,and when nano carbon content increased to 0.5%,the cumulative infiltration volume increased significantly.（2）When the nano carbon layer thickness was 3cm,the soil cumulative infiltration volume increased obviously,and with the increase of nano carbon layer thickness,the cumulative infiltration amount had no significant change.（3）Philip equation could better simulate the infiltration process of soil containing nano carbon layer.When nano carbon contents were 0.5%and 1%,the infiltration rates were significantly higher than those in control treatment.Therefore,3cm of nano carbon mixing layer thickness and 0.5% of nano carbon content was the reasonable choice.（4）In control treatment,the water contents of different depths of soil did not greatly change,and the water content was quite high in deep subsoil.For soil containing the nano carbon layer,water content below 20 cm of the surface soil was significantly lower,and when nano carbon layer thickness was 3—5cm,the effect was particularly obvious.So when nano carbon was used below the soil surface as a soil conditioner,it could play an important role in controlling soil and water loss on the loess plateau.

关 键 词：纳米碳混合层 累积入渗量 土壤剖面含水量 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]