早熟无核葡萄新品种‘朝霞无核’的选育  

Breeding report of a new early seedless grape cultivar‘Zhaoxia Wuhe'

作　　者：毛如霆 赵名花 王凤寅 刘军丽 李民[2] 郭景南[2] 刘崇怀[2] 樊秀彩[2] 

机构地区：[1]焦作市农林科学研究院,河南焦作454002 [2]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第5期637-640,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系(CARS-30)

摘　　要：‘朝霞无核'葡萄是以‘京秀’为母本,‘布朗无核’为父本杂交选育的早熟无核葡萄新品种。果穗分枝形,平均单穗质量580.0 g,果粒圆形,粉红色,平均单粒质量2.28 g。有淡玫瑰香味,无核,平均可溶性固形物含量约为16.9%,鲜食品质上。果实生育期70 d,在焦作地区,7月中下旬果实成熟。隐芽萌发力中等,副芽萌发力中等。定植第2年开始结果,易早期丰产。抗寒性较强,叶片较抗霜霉病,果实抗炭疽病和白腐病。果实不耐贮运。适宜我国东部地区城市郊区和庭院种植。‘Zhaoxia Wuhe＇is an early- season, seedless, table grape with excellent appearance. The seedling was derived from the hand-pollinated cross of‘Jingxiu＇and‘Bronx Seedless＇. The female parent was Vitis vinifera‘Jingxiu＇, an early-ripening variety, derived from‘Pannonia＇ב60-33＇（‘Muscat Hamburg＇בSultanina Rose＇）, released by Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The pollen parent was Vitis vinifera-Vitis labrusca‘Bronx Seedless＇, a seedless grape, developed in 1936—1937 by Dr. A. B.（Arlow） Stout of the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx, NY.The cross was made in 2003, 730 hybrid seeds was got. The fruit was first described in 2007. It was initially selected in 2008 for its bright colors and very early ripening time. After regional adaptability testing in four sites of Henan province（Xiuwu county, Fnagcheng county, Shangshi county and Wugang county）from 2009 to 2012, it was finally selected in 2013. This cultivar is medium vigor, with white hairs on the tip of green young shoot. Mature leaf has pentagonal shape, three lobes, with 14.0-16.0 cm length and17.0-19.5 cm width. Bunch has branch shape, big, 580.0 g on average cluster weight, moderately-compact. Berries are round shape, rose red, thin bloom, medium size, average weight 2.28 g. The berries is seedless with slight muscat flavor. Very few berries have remaining seeds. The soluble solids content is about 16.9%. From bud breaking to harvest time is about 120 d, early ripening. The fruit development period is 70 d and it＇s harvest time is at the mid July in Jiaozuo, Henan province; the average cluster number per bearing shoot is 1.2, proportion of fruit branches is 70%, germination rate is 50%-70%.‘Zhaoxia Wuhe＇is resistant to cold and downy mildew, but susceptible to grape white rot and anthracnose. Shipping and storage qualities is not good. The suitable cultivation area is the eastern China, suburbs of cities and courtyard. This variety can bear fruits next year

关 键 词：葡萄 新品种 '朝霞无核’ 早熟 无核 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]