绿色设计是启动绿色发展的第一杠杆  

Green Design:the Hand of Sustainability

作　　者：牛文元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院(筹),北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2016年第5期491-498,共8页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：绿色设计是在深刻认识人与自然关系基础上,对规定绿色目标函数进行的预先策划和具有可操作创意的综合性智慧活动。包含了对传统设计实施观念创新、理论创新、方法创新、工具创新的全过程。绿色设计是可持续发展思想在经济活动和社会消费中的集中投射,是实现自然资源持续利用、绿色财富持续增长、生态环境持续改善、生活质量持续提高的现代设计潮流。绿色设计实质上是通过设计寻求"自然绿色、经济绿色、社会绿色、心灵绿色"的交集最大化。国际公认绿色设计遵循5大基本原理:(1)生命周期原理;(2)3R原则(Reduce,Reuse,Recycle);(3)PRED(Population,Resources,Environment,Development)和可持续发展"拉格朗日均衡";(4)黄金分割美学规则;(5)人体工学与柯布-道格拉斯变体方程。绿色设计以新一轮的"绿色创新红利"抵消传统设计的边际效益递减;以"绿色创新内涵"降低粗放式生产的外部成本;以"绿色创新智慧"重塑现代产业体系的新秩序;以"绿色创新工具"开创研发体系的新模式。Green Design refers to those integrated intelligent activities in which the prescribed green objective function is pre-planned with feasible ideas based on profound knowledge of the relationship between humankind and nature, involving the overall process of conducting innovations in terms of concept, theory, methodology, and tool concerning traditional design. Casting the idea of sustainable development in economic activities and social consumption in a centralized way, Green Design is a trend for modern design to realize the sustainable use of natural resources, the sustainable growth of green treasure, and the sustainable improvement of ecological environment and living quality. In essence, it is to maximize the integration of ＂green nature, green economy, green society, and green heart＂ through design. Having fully demonstrated in the ＂headstream＂ of production, consumption, and circulation, Green Design plays an important part in national innovation project and serves as a key point for the successful transformation of supply structure. Guided by Green Design, energy revolution, Internet＋, smart city, biomedicine, flexible manufacturing, robot, fine chemical engineering, all-round digital production, circulation and distribution, social engineering, and even creative life will be comprehensively embodied in product, handicraft, industrial chain, large-scale project, region, and even strategic planning so as to highlight the green characteristics of green development, the Third Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0, and Internet＋. In the meantime, Green Design will show the economic, social, and humanistic significance of reduction in global ecological deficit, reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases, and sustainable development. In the 1960 s, the US design theorist Papanek published Design for the Real World, a monograph that stresses the ＂limited earth resources＂ should be taken into consideration in design and presents design is for protecting global environment. His ＂limited resources t

关 键 词：绿色发展 绿色设计 可持续能力 

分 类 号：TB47[一般工业技术—工业设计]