“怀疑”意义的引申机制与识解策略新探——兼谈“表达省力”与“理解省力”博弈对句法的影响  

A New Study on the Extension Mechanism and Construal Strategy of the Sense of the Chinese Verb Huaiyi:Also on the Syntactic Influence of the Game Between“the Least Effort Principle of Expressions”and“the Least Effort Principle of Understanding”

作　　者：鲁承发[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,200234

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2016年第3期93-101,共9页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：第58批博士后面上基金;上海师范大学人文社科基金与上海高校高峰学科建设计划资助"中国语言文学"阶段性成果

摘　　要："怀疑"句式的构式义为:根据某些前件,推理出一个命题很可能为假。这一语义的另一个侧面是:其矛盾命题很可能为真。这两个语义侧面,在不同的组配关系中被侧显,引申出两个义项:"不很相信"和"有点相信"。前者表达怀疑主体质疑一种旧认识,体现交互主观性;后者表达怀疑主体建构一种新认识,体现主观性。"怀疑"一词两义,满足了说话人经济性的需要,但加重了听话人的理解负担。作为补偿,说话人会调整话语策略,在语篇层面逐渐形成两种词项的共现规律,以帮助听话人理解。交际双方在表达省力和理解省力上的博弈均衡,造就了"怀疑"句式的句法特点。The constructional meaning of huaiyi（怀疑）sentence is that based on certain antecedent,the inferred proposition may be false,or that the contradictory proposition may be true.Because of the different ways of construal,the verb huaiyi profiles two senses：one is＂inclined not to believe＂expressing that an old understanding is doubted which embodies intersubjectivity;and the other is＂inclined to believe＂expressing that a new understanding is constructed which embodies subjectivity.The extension of the sense of huaiyi meets the economic needs of the speaker,while increases burden on the listener＇s understanding.As a compensation,two collocation laws of terms are formatted to help the listener to understand in the textual domain.The game equilibrium between＂the Least Effort Principle of Expressions＂and＂the Least Effort Principle of Understanding＂gives rise to the syntactic features of huaiyi sentence.

关 键 词：怀疑 非单调推理 “义程—义面” (交互)主观性 博弈 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]