焦岗湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节动态  

Seasonal variation of community structure of crustacean zooplanktons in Lake Jiaoganghu

作　　者：徐梅[1] 吴芳仪[1] 刘靓靓[1] 王变[1] 孙庆业[1] 周忠泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第5期1254-1262,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX07204-004);国家自然科学基金项目(41072251)资助

摘　　要：2013年10月至2014年7月分季节对焦岗湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构动态进行调查,并探讨了影响浮游甲壳动物群落结构的环境因子。结果表明:焦岗湖共记录浮游甲壳动物17种,其中枝角类8属11种,桡足类5属6种;全湖枝角类的优势种为秀体溞(Diaphanosoma sp.)、矩形尖额溞(Alona rectangula)和脆弱象鼻溞(Bosmina fatalis),桡足类的优势种为跨立小剑水蚤(Microcyclops vaticans)和透明温剑水蚤(Thermocyclops hyalinus);浮游甲壳动物的密度和生物量呈现明显的季节变化,春、夏季较高,秋、冬季较低,年平均密度和年平均生物量分别为(196.30±313.75)ind·L-1和(1.80±3.18)mg·L-1;枝角类的密度和生物量的最高值分别出现在夏季[(28.53±55.91)ind·L-1]和春季[(0.61±0.70)mg·L-1],桡足类的密度和生物量的最高值均出现在夏季,分别为(31.47±51.09)ind·L-1和(2.82±4.58)mg·L-1;全湖浮游甲壳动物群落Shannon多样性指数的年平均值为1.07±0.81,最大值(1.74±0.46)出现在春季;典范对应分析(CCA)表明,与焦岗湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节动态变化相关的重要环境因子为水温、p H、溶解氧、浮游植物生物量、营养盐等。Seasonal variation of crustacean zooplankton community structure in Lake Jiaoganghu was studied from October 2013 to July 2014. The environmental factors affecting the community structure of crustacean zooplanktons were analyzed by CCA method. The results showed that a to- tal of 17 species were recorded, among which 11 species （8 genera） belong to Cladocera and 6 species （5 genera） belong to Copepoda. The dominant species of Cladocera were Diaphanosoma sp., Aloha rectangula and Bosmina fatalis. Microcyclops vaticans and Thermocyclops hyalinus dominated the Copepod community. There was a significant seasonal variation in the density and biomass of crustacean zooplanktons in Lake Jiaoganghu. The mean density and biomass of crusta- cean zooplanktons were （196.30±313.75） ind L-1 and （1.80±3.18） mg L-1 respectively, and both much higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. The maximum density [ （31.47±51.09） ind L-1] and biomass [ （2.82±4.58） mg L-1] of Copepodas community oc- curred in summer, while the maximum Cladocerans density [ （28.53±55.91） ind L-1] and bio- mass [ （0.61±0.70） mg L-1] occurred in summer and spring respectively. The mean Shannon diversity index of crustacean zooplanktons was 1.07±0.81, with the maximum value occurring in spring. The result of CCA analysis showed that water temperature, pH value, phytoplankton bio- mass and nutrient contents were the important factors affecting seasonal variations of crustacean zooplankton community in Lake Jiaoganghu.

关 键 词：浮游甲壳动物 群落结构 季节动态 环境因子 焦岗湖 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]