复杂适应性视角下的政府风险治理——以兰州水污染事件为例  

Government Risk Governance from the Perspective of Complex Adaptability——In the Case of Water Pollution in Lanzhou

作　　者：朱正威[1] 吴佳[1] 黄杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,西安710049

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2016年第3期103-112,共10页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"建立社会稳定风险评估机制研究"(11&ZD034);国家社科基金青年项目"健全社会稳定风险评估机制与我国维稳模式转型研究"(13CZZ032);中国博士后科学基金第54批面上资助项目"‘维稳’转型视野下的社会稳定风险评估机制研究"(2013M542332)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：传统官僚制组织不能满足风险社会条件下的治理需求,遭遇风险治理的适应性困境。基于复杂适应性的基本逻辑及风险治理过程的视角,对政府风险治理过程中典型的适应性困境进行理论概化,可以建立包括"感知差距、知识差距、结构差距、功能差距"在内的政府风险治理情境差距模型。以该模型为框架对兰州水污染事件中的政府风险治理的情境差距进行实证分析表明,为适应风险情境的非线性、动态性、整体性、涌现性等特性,需要建立以"强化风险感知、再造风险知识、结构扁平与开放、功能整合与涌现"为主要内容的政府风险治理柔性适应模式。The traditional bureaucratic organization cannot meet the needs of the risk-prone society,so it will encounter the adaptive dilemma in the process of risk management. Based on the basic logic of complexity theory and the perspective of risk management,the study explores the typical＂adaptive dilemma in the process of government risk governance and the integration of the phenomenon. The thesis puts forward＂four types＂of situational gap models for government risk governance： perception gap,knowledge gap,structure gap,functional gap. This is the analytical framework used in the Lanzhou water pollution incident. Based on complexity theory of metaphor and complexity management paradigm stressing＂non-linear,dynamic,overall,surging＂features of the incident,the study has reached the following conclusions： the flexible adaptation aims to bridge＂four gaps＂and it can enhance the effectiveness and legitimacy of risk management of government. It is necessary to establish the government risk management in the flexible adaptation model. Its main content includes ＂strengthening risk perception,reengineering risk knowledge,flattening and opening structure,functional integration and surging＂.

关 键 词：政府风险治理 复杂适应性 情境差距 柔性适应 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]