新式单镜管结构硬管内窥镜LED贴片前置照明方式可行性探讨  

Feasibility of LED surface mounted devices front-illumination for rigid endoscope of new single-tube structure

作　　者：袁野[1] 魏丽瑶 刘小华[2] 潘一峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院,湖南长沙410008 [2]北京理工大学光电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国医学物理学杂志》2016年第5期456-462,共7页Chinese Journal of Medical Physics

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2013DFA30590);北京市科技型中小企业技术创新基金(Z13010101334;Z15010101464)

摘　　要：医用硬管内窥镜是重要医疗工具,传统形式的硬管内窥镜为内外双镜管结构,前端位置无法提供足够空间放置LED贴片,只能将光源后置,通过光纤束导光的方式将光能传输至前端实现照明,由此带来的问题是功耗大,并且光效均匀性不够理想。目前存在一种新式单管结构的硬管镜,其前端具有足够空间放置LED贴片,由此为硬管内窥镜采用前端照明方式提供了途径。本文对单镜管结构的硬管内窥镜采用LED贴片前置照明方式的可行性进行探讨。首先,对两种照明方式分别进行分析,通过仿真计算,获得两种照明方式的像平面光照度分布的伪彩色图以及曲线,并搭建光路对光照度进行测量,通过峰度系数作为评价指标对光照均匀性进行定量考察,结果表明单管结构内窥镜采用LED前置照明方式的光照均匀性优于光纤束照明方式。然后,对LED贴片前置照明方式在管壁及前端保护片形成的热效应进行仿真计算与实际测量,结果表明温度稳定时,管壁及前端保护片约为39℃,符合人体组织所能接受的范围。因此,通过光照均匀性及热效应,证明新式单镜管结构硬管内窥镜可以采用LED贴片前置照明方式,为后续工程设计建立了基础。Medical rigid endoscope is an important medical tool, and the tube structure of traditional rigid endoscope is the double tube, without enough space for LED surface mounted devices（SMD） in the front, so the light source is putted in the rear and the luminous energy was transferred to the front by optical fiber to achieve illumination, which is high power consumption, with unsatisfactory illumination uniformity. At present, a new structure of single-tube which has enough front space for LED SMD provides a way of front illumination for rigid endoscopes. The feasibility of LED SMD front-illumination for the rigid endoscope of the new single-tube structure was studied in the paper. The two illumination modes were firstly analyzed by simulation calculation to obtain the pseudo-color and curve of two illumination distributions, and built the light-path system to measure the illuminance. The kurtosis was taken as the evaluation index to quantitatively study on the illumination uniformity. The results showed the single-tube endoscope with LED front-illumination was superior to optic fiber in the illumination uniformity. Secondly,the thermal effects produced by LED SMD on the front sheet and wall of endoscope were simulated and measured. The result showed the stable temperature of the wall and the front sheet was about 39 ℃ which was safe for human tissues. The experiment result of illumination uniformity and thermal effect prove the LED SMD front-illumination is feasible for single-tube rigid endoscope, which is regarded as the foundation for the subsequent engineering design.

关 键 词：硬管内窥镜 单镜管 LED 表面贴片装置 前置照明 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程]