中国商品流通效率及其影响因素测度——基于非线性流程的DEA模型改进  

Evaluation of China's Distribution Efficiency and its Influencing Factors——Based on Improved Two-stage DEA Model Without Linear Flow Assumption

作　　者：王晓东[1] 王诗桪 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院

出　　处：《财贸经济》2016年第5期119-130,159,共13页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(研究品牌计划)资助项目"国内贸易活动的基础理论综合与研究方法创新"(13XNI009)

摘　　要：随着中国流通产业的规模不断扩大,商品流通效率的提高迫在眉睫。提高流通效率的决策基础在于对商品流通效率本身有一个较为客观、准确的测量,并在此基础上甄别不同因素的影响。本文利用拓展的两阶段DEA模型,以我国2006-2013年各省区为决策单元,对商品流通效率进行了实证测量,并采用窗口分析进行修正。进而,本文构建Tobit模型分析了物流基础设施水平、渠道长度、流通规模、政府参与、连锁化与信息化水平对流通效率的影响,并进一步甄别了这些因素对零售效率和批发效率的不同影响。研究发现,流通渠道长度、物流基础设施水平、政府参与和信息化水平对流通效率均有显著影响,流通规模与连锁化水平对流通效率的影响并不显著,各因素对批发环节与零售环节的效率作用方向存在差异,与对整体流通效率的影响不尽相同;在逐步提升和发挥各因素正面作用的基础上,对批发与零售环节的针对性调整也是进一步提高流通效率的关键所在。As the scale of China＇s distribution industry expands quickly, it is important to improve the distribution efficiency, which is based on the exact and objective evaluation and characterizing the influence. The two-stage DEA is used to evaluate the distribution efficiency from 2006 to 2013 with the provinces as the DMUs. The window-analysis is conducted to condition the time effect. In addition, we conduct the Tobit model to analyze the influence on the distribution efficiency as well as the retail and wholesale efficiency. The results show that the length of distribution, the infrastructure of logistics, the involvement of government and the development of technology have significant impacts while the impacts of the scale of distribution and the development of chain business are not obvious. Further research shows that all the factors have significant impact on the retail efficiency and wholesale efficiency which are different from the impact on overall distribution efficiency. To improve the distribution efficiency, it is essential to make various factors play positive roles and pertinently adjust the influencing factors of wholesale and retail industry.

关 键 词：商品流通 流通效率 数据包络分析 

分 类 号：F724[经济管理—产业经济]