不同小麦品种茎秆特性及其与抗倒性的关系  

Stem characteristics of different wheat varieties and its relationship with lodging-resistance

作　　者：王丹[1] 丁位华[1] 冯素伟[1] 胡铁柱[1] 李淦[1] 李笑慧[1] 杨艳艳[1] 茹振钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院小麦中心/河南省现代生物育种协同创新中心/河南省高等学校作物分子育种重点开放实验室,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2016年第5期1496-1502,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371525);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB114300);河南科技学院高层次人才培养项目(201010612006)资助~~

摘　　要：以黄淮麦区优良品种矮抗58、周麦18、豫麦49、百农418为研究对象,采用田间试验与实验室分析相结合的方法,对不同小麦品种在不同生育时期的抗倒伏性状进行研究.结果表明:茎秆机械强度在开花期至花后20 d处于较高水平,在花后30 d明显下降;倒伏指数在开花期最小,花后30 d最大,其余两个时期处于中间水平.相关分析表明,开花期机械强度与重心高度呈显著负相关,与纤维素、木质素含量呈显著正相关,倒伏指数与节长、株高、重心高度呈显著正相关,与纤维素、木质素含量呈显著负相关;花后10 d和花后20 d机械强度与节长、株高、重心高度呈显著负相关,与茎粗、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量呈显著正相关,倒伏指数这段时期正好与之相反;花后30 d机械强度与株高、重心高度呈显著负相关,倒伏指数与株高、重心高度呈显著正相关,与木质素含量呈显著负相关.因此,明确各个生育时期与抗倒性相关的茎秆特性,可为黄淮麦区高产抗倒性品种的选育提供依据.Taking four outstanding varieties Aikang 58, Zhoumai 18, Yumai 49 and Bainong 418 from Huanghuai wheat area as test objects, the lodging-resistance traits of different varieties at dif- ferent growth stages were investigated by combining field and laboratory methods. The results showed that stem mechanical strength was at a high level between flowering and 20 days after flowering, de- clined significantly in 30 days after flowering. The lodging index was minimal in flowering period, maximal in 30 days after flowering, and was at an intermediate level in the other two periods. Corre- lation analysis showed that culm mechanical strength was significantly negatively correlated with the height of gravity, and significantly positively correlated with cellulose and lignin contents at the flowering, lodging index was significantly positively correlated with the internode length, plant height and height of gravity, but significantly negatively correlated with cellulose and lignin con- tents. Ten days and 20 clays after flowering, the culm mechanical strength was negatively correlated with the internode length, plant height and height of gravity, and significantly positively correlated with stem diameter, cellulose content, hemicelluloses content and lignin content, while the lodging index was just the opposite. Thus, making lodging-resistance related stem characteristics at each stage clear, could provide a basis for breeding lodging-resistance and high yield varieties in Huang- v huai wheat area.

关 键 词：小麦 抗倒性 倒伏指数 纤维素 木质素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]