刺苋的形态与显微鉴别  

Histomorphological Study on Folk Medicine of Amaranthus spinosus

作　　者：吴志瑰[1] 胡生福[1] 付小梅[1] 裴建国[1] 葛菲[1] 褚小兰[1] 范崔生[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,南昌330004

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2016年第10期25-27,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

摘　　要：目的:为发掘疗效显著的民间药用资源,对来源植物刺苋的全草进行系统的形态组织学特征研究,以期建立该药材形态组织学方面的标准。方法:通过观察植物形态和药材性状、利用常规生药制片技术制片并鉴别组织构造特征等方面对刺苋进行品种鉴别。结果:形态观察发现植物叶腋有刺,且部分苞片变成细刺状。药材性状为全草类药材特点,主要包含根、茎、叶。研究的根及茎显微结构中发现存在三生构造,都为多轮同心性异常维管束;叶主脉维管束4个;后含物含有草酸钙簇晶和砂晶,粉末中可见导管、腺毛及非腺毛。结论:通过形态组织特征可很好地鉴别刺苋,可为该药材的种质鉴别和进一步开发应用奠定基础。Objective： In order to develop its resources from Amaranthus spinosus,an efficacious and widely used folk medicine,standards for its histomorphological characters were set in this study. Method： Its species were identified by observing plant morphology,herb appearance characters and microscopic identification through different routine slice-making methods. Result： According to results of plant morphological observation,there were 2 pieces of thorns in the leaf axil and some of bracts became very sharply spiny. The whole herb could be used in medicine, mainly including the root, stem and leaves. According to findings in the study on microscopic identification,abnormal vascular bundles structure were observed in transverse section of the root and stem; cluster crystals of calcium oxalate and sandy crystals were scattered in parenchymatous cells; vessels,glandular and non-glandular hairs were observed in the powder identification. Conclusion： Herbs of A. spinosus can be identified by these above histomorphological characters,which lay foundation for further development and application of A. spinosus.

关 键 词：民间药 刺苋 形态组织学 全草 三生结构 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学] R282.71[医药卫生—中医学]