山茶油的药用研究进展  

Progress in Medicinal Research of Camellia Oil

作　　者：冯秋瑜[1] 宋宁[1] 黄慧学[1] 谢阳姣[1] 郑仿[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学,南宁530001 [2]广西中医药大学第一附属医院,南宁530021

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2016年第10期215-220,共6页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻1598013-8);广西中医药民族医药传承创新专项(GZLC16-27);广西高校科研项目(YB2014189);广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目(2015JGA252);广西中医药大学重点项目(2013B05;2014B05);广西卫生厅课题项目(GZZC1205)

摘　　要：对近20年来山茶油的资源分布、提取工艺、化学成分、药理作用及临床药用等方面研究进行了归纳总结,山茶油是我国特有的油料树种,产量大,具有原产地优势和出口优势。山茶油主要成分由油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和部分饱和脂肪酸等组成。机械压榨法和浸提法提取工艺是山茶油的主要生产工艺。山茶油经过提取后仍然能继续利用,可用醇提法继续提取,或者用剩下的油茶籽饼作为饲料资源和有机肥料。虽然山茶油目前是以食用油为产品的主要形式,但是,山茶油中富含的不饱和脂肪酸、胡萝卜素、维生素、角鲨烯、山茶苷、皂苷、茶多酚、矿物质等有效物质,使山茶油具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、降血压、降血糖、抗炎、抗菌、促进药物经皮吸收、抗梗阻性黄疸和护肝等作用,可用作营养食用、调节免疫功能、防治肥胖、产后恢复、预防心血管疾病和皮肤科疾病等。本文在全面总结的基础上,重点综述山茶油的临床药用,为山茶油的进一步研发提供有价值的参考。文献研究发现,在预防心血管疾病方面,山茶油比普通的食用油能更有效地防治"高血压、高血脂、高血糖"。最显著的是山茶油用于新生儿皮炎、肿瘤放射治疗后皮炎、产妇产后妊娠纹的淡化、压疮以及各种皮肤红肿疼痛等皮肤疾病的防治方面有巨大优势。To summarize the researches of camellia oil in nearly twenty years in resources distribution,extraction process,chemical constituents,pharmacological effects,and clinical medicine. Camellia oil is a kind of oil tree endemic to China,with large output,origin advantages and export advantages. The main components of camellia oil include oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid and saturated fatty acid. Mechanical pressing and soaking extraction technique are the main production process of camellia oil. Camellia oil can be used continuously after extraction,either by further ethanol extraction or as feed resources and organic fertilizer with the rest camellia seed cake. Camellia oil is currently used in the main form of edible oil,however,it is rich in unsaturated fatty acids,carrot element, vitamin, squalene, tea saponin, saponin, tea polyphenol, minerals and other active substances,with the functions of anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,promoting drug percutaneous absorption,anti-obstructive jaundice and protecting liver functions,so it can be used in nutrition food,regulation of immune function,prevention and treatment of obesity,postpartum recovery, prevention of cardiovascular diseases and skin diseases. On the basis of a comprehensive summary, this paper would focus on the overview of its clinical medicinal effects, providing valuable reference for the further research and development of camellia oil. Literature studies indicated that,in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases,camellia oil can more effectively prevent ‘hypertension,hyperlipidemia,hyperglycemia＇than ordinary edible oil. More importantly,camellia oil has great advantages in the prevention and control of skin diseases such as newborn dermatitis,dermatitis after radiotherapy,postpartum striae gravidarum desalination,bedsore,skin redness,swelling and pain.

关 键 词：山茶油 化学成分 药理作用 临床药用 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]