不同机插株距和取秧面积对双季晚稻群体发育和产量的影响  

Effects of Plant Space and Seedling-taken Area by Machine Transplanting on Population Development and Grain Yield of Double-cropping Late Rice

作　　者：李木英[1] 黄程宽 谭雪明[1] 石庆华[1] 潘晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室/江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2016年第2期54-60,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B04);江西省"555"领军人才项目

摘　　要：选用杂交晚籼稻品种五丰优T025和常规晚粳品种镇稻11号为材料,设置不同机插株距和取秧面积处理,探讨机插规格对双季晚稻群体发育和产量的影响。结果表明,不同处理塑造了水稻的不同群体起点,对群体发育和产量有明显的影响。随着取秧面积的增加,机插漏蔸率降低,基本苗数、最高茎蘖数、叶面积指数增加,成穗率和群体透光率呈下降趋势。株距11.5 cm处理的基本苗数、最高茎蘖数、叶面积指数、干物质积累量和稻谷产量均高于株距13.6 cm处理。杂交籼稻品种五丰优T025干物质积累量和稻谷产量都高于常规粳稻镇稻11号。调节机插株距比调节取秧面积更易控制基本苗数。双季晚稻适宜机插规格为行距26.9 cm、株距11.5 cm;杂交籼稻和常规粳稻品种适宜取秧面积分别为1.05和1.44 cm2。Using Wufengyou T025 （W）, a late indica hybrid rice variety, and Zhendao 11 （Z）, a late japonica inbred rice variety, as the materials, the effects of plant space （PS） and seedling-taken area （STA） of mechanized transplanting were studied on the development of population and grain yield of double-cropping late rice. The resuits showed that different treatments of PS （L1 and L2） and STA （S1, S2, S3 and S4）, with different basic populations, had a marked effect on the population development and grain yield. With an increase of STA, the rate of missing hills （RMH） was lowered and the percentage of earbearing tillers （PET） and light transmittance （LT） of population were of a downward tendency, but the number of basic seedlings （ BS）, the number of maximum tillers （MT） and leaf area index （LAI） increased. The treatments with the PS of 11.5 cm （L1） had higher BS, MT, LAI, dry matter accumulation （DMA） and grain yield than those with the PS of 13.6 cm （L2）. The DMA and grain yield of indica hybrid rice Wufengyou T025 were higher than those of japonica inbred rice Zhendao 11. It was easier to control BS by regulating PS than by calibrating STA in mechanized transplanting. For double-cropping late rice in this study, the optimal mechanized transplanting spacing was 26.9 cm in row space and 11.5 cm in PS, and the suitable STA was 1.05 cm2（S1 ） for indica hybrid rice and 1.44 cm2（S2） for ialaonica inbred rice.

关 键 词：双季晚稻 机插秧 株距 取秧面积 产量 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学] S359.9