何为禽流感中扑杀行为的“合理”补偿——兼论风险规制与行政补偿标准的新发展  

Reasonable Compensation of Killing Behavior in H7N9 Bird-flue Event: Concurrently Discussion on New Development of Risk Regulation and Administrative Compensation Standard

作　　者：杜仪方[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2016年第3期65-74,共10页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基　　金：笔者所主持的2012年度国家社科基金青年项目"风险行政中的国家责任"(项目编号12CFX031)的阶段性成果;国家社科基金重大课题"国家治理体系现代化与法治政府"(项目编号14ZDA018)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：禽流感事件发生后,各地政府对疫区禽类实施扑杀,并根据《重大动物疫情应急条例》第33条中的"合理补偿"对禽主实施补偿。实践中,"合理补偿"多被解读为"相当补偿",这与行政补偿的一般做法相一致。然而,基于扑杀行为对于公共利益影响方式和程度上的特殊性,扑杀补偿中的"合理补偿"应为"完全补偿"。风险社会中当风险自担原则被公共选择所替代时,政府应就其风险预防行为承担损失补偿责任,而该补偿行为也能作为政府规制工具对决策产生影响,因此在设计补偿标准时应以风险预防原则取代比例原则。After the occurrence of H7N9 bird-flue event, related governments killed infected area poultry and paid compensation to owners according to the ＇reasonable compensation＇ in the article 33 of the Emergency Situations for Handling Major Animal Epidemic. In practice, the ＇reasonable compensation＇ is usually explained as ＇equal compensation＇, which is consistent with the general method in administrative compensation. However, due to the special affection method and degree to the public interest and benefit of the killing, related ＇reasonable compensation＇ should be ＇total compensation＇. In risk society, when the principle of undertaking risk by oneself is replaced by the public choice principle, the government should take compensatory responsibility to the loss for its risk prevention behavior and such compensatory behavior could affect the decision as one of government regulatory methods. Thus,theprinciple of proportionality should be replaced by the principle of risk prevention when designing compensation standard.

关 键 词：扑杀 行政补偿 合理 风险预防 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]