一种基于花器形态特征、育性、恢保关系和分子标记的新型甘蓝型油菜雄性不育材料的鉴定和分类（英文）  

Identification and Classification of a New Cytoplasmic Nuclear Male Sterile Line Based on Morphology,Sterility,Relationships of Restoration and Maintenance,and Molecular Markers in Brassica napus

作　　者：范惠玲[1] 孙万仓[2] 白生文[1] 张芬琴[1] 雷玉明[1] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,张掖734099 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2016年第6期859-870,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校科研基金(No.2015A-136)

摘　　要：细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)材料的创制已成为油菜(Brassica napus)遗传改良和杂种优势利用的有效手段。通过甘蓝型油菜品种Pfnergy(PF)与陇油2号(Longyou 2)的杂交,在后代中发现了植物学形态特征不同于油菜品种玻里马(Polima cytoplasmic male sterility,Pol CMS)的雄性不育材料PL(Pfnergy×Longyou 2)CMS。为了明确PL CMS不育系是否为一种不同于现有雄性不育系的新型不育材料,本研究以Pol CMS和Ogura不育系(Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility,Ogu CMS)为对照,分别从花器表型特征、不育性、恢保关系和DNA分子标记这4个方面进行了对比分析。结果表明,雄性不育系PL CMS的植物学形态特征与Ogu CMS和Pol CMS的不同。PL CMS的不育株率和不育度都达到了100%,而Ogu CMS的不育株率和不育度分别是98.5%和99.71%,Pol 5A的不育株率和不育度分别是93.84%和99.36%。PL CMS的恢保关系与Pol CMS、Ogu CMS的完全不同。Pol CMS的保持系和恢复系都是PL CMS和Ogu CMS的保持系,而PL CMS的恢复系是Pol CMS和Ogu CMS的保持系,且Ebolite-04冬134和Ebleme-04冬151仅是PL CMS的恢复系。mt DNA的随机扩增多态性DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)标记结果表明,研究中所用的3类不育系被聚为3类。研究表明,PL CMS为一种不同于Pol CMS和Ogu CMS的新型不育系,这一结果有助于扩大油菜种质资源的类型,避免不育材料的单一化和遗传脆弱性。Cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） is important both for practical breeding and fundamental genetic and evolutionary studies. The present study aimed to explore new male sterile cytoplasm sources and improve hybrid seed production in Brassica napus. Three CMS lines, Pol （Polima） CMS, Ogu （Ogura） CMS and PL （Pfnergy （PF）×Longyou 2） CMS were used for comparative studies. The differences in floral-organ morphology, the sterility degrees and rates, relationships of restoration and maintenance and random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） molecular markers were studied. One new rapeseed cytoplasmic male sterile line PL CMS was obtained by interspecific crosses between Pfnergy and Longyou2. The brown anther was not only thin, small, empty, and shrunken but also failed to produce pollen in PL CMS. Dead and close buds were not found in PL CMS, but were observed in Pol CMS. Pol CMS lines appeared in the same plant type as PL CMS lines, but different floral-organ performance. PL CMS exhibited 100% sterile plant rate and 100% sterility degree, those were 98.5% and 99.71% in Ogu CMS, 93.84% and 99.36% in Pol CMS, respectively. Maintainer and restorer lines for Pol CMS were the maintainer lines for PL CMS and Ogu CMS. Restorer lines of PL CMS were maintainer lines for Pol CMS and Ogu CMS. Sterility of PL CMS only could be restored by Ebolite-04 winter134 and Ebleme-04 winter151. Therefore, the restorer line was specific to the PL CMS line. The RAPD marker indicated that 7 CMS lines could be grouped into 3 clusters, which were PL CMS, Pol CMS and Ogu CMS group. In conclusion, PL CMS was a new cytoplasmic male sterile type other than Pol CMS and Ogu CMS.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 PL CMS 形态特征 不育性 分子标记 恢保关系 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]