都江堰地区小儿散发性病毒性脑炎的临床特点及脑电图研究  

Clinical features and EEG of sporadic viral encephalitis children in Dujiangyan area

作　　者：吴兆海[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川都江堰市人民医院儿科,都江堰611830

出　　处：《中国实用神经疾病杂志》2016年第7期6-8,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases

摘　　要：目的观察都江堰地区小儿散发性病毒性脑炎的临床特点及脑电图情况,提高散发性病毒性脑炎的诊断率。方法选取2012-03—2014-03收治的小儿散发性病毒性脑炎患者150例,统计患儿的临床症状以及脑电图检查结果。大部分患者白细胞计数升高,淋巴细胞>70%,脑脊液白细胞计数也增高。结果小儿散发性病毒性脑炎均有发热症状,其次较为常见的分别是脑膜刺激征、喷射状呕吐、头痛、精神萎靡及惊厥。其中异常脑电图114例(76%)。入选患者脑电图主要是α节律不常见,脑电图异常波分布为弥漫性异常。其中轻度异常患者中基本有节律,可见纺锤波,双侧的波形则欠对症,偶尔可以观察爆发性中高幅的慢节奏;中度异常则以θ波为主,以阵发或持续情况出现,双侧波形不对称;重度异常以高幅紊乱δ波,并可观察到棘、尖波,棘、尖慢复合波等波形。结论脑电图配合其他的检查能够有效提高小儿散发性病毒性脑炎的诊断率,及早开展治疗,预后好。Objective To analyze clinical features and EEG of sporadic viral encephalitis children in Dujiangyan area, and to improve the clinical diagnosis of sporadic viral rate. Methods One hundred and fifty sporadic viral encephalitis children from March 2012 to March 2014 were selected. Clinical symptoms and EEG findings of patients were analyzed. Clinical symptoms contained cerebrospinal fluid cells and clinical symptoms. Results Blood white blood cell count most of patients were increased, and lymphocytes of 110（73.33 %）patients were higher 70 % than normal value; cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count of most patients were higher than normal value; Fever was clinical symptoms of all sporadic viral encephalitis, meningeal irrita- tion, jet-like vomiting, headache, listlessness and convulsions were common clinical symptoms. There were 114 （76 %） abnormal EEG in 150 patients, a rhythm of most patients were disorder, abnormal EEG wave distribution were diffuse abnormali- ties. EEG abnormalities in patients with mild basically had a rhythm. There were spindles, bilateral waveform, less symptom- atic＇, occasionally there was middle and high amplitude slow pace; 0 waves were mostly waveform in moderately abnormal moderately abnormal, and there were paroxysmal or persistent situation, bilateral waveform were asymmetry; 3 waves were mostly waveform in severe abnormalities patients, and there were spike, sharp wave, spike, sharp and slow wave complex. Conclusion Children have a more sporadic viral specific EEG, so EEG can be used as a basis for clinical diagnosis of the disease, with high clinical value.

关 键 词：小儿散发性病毒性脑炎 临床特点 脑电图 

分 类 号：R512.3[医药卫生—内科学]