慢速可生物降解有机物的转化特性及利用  

Conversion and utilization of slowly biodegradable organic matter

作　　者：金鹏康[1] 刘柯君[1] 王先宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第5期2168-2174,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178376);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2011ZX07302-001);陕西省科技统筹创新工程(2011KTZB03-03-03);陕西省创新团队项目(IRT 2013KCT-13);西安市科技计划项目资助(CX12160)

摘　　要：通过对西安市城市污水处理厂碳源赋存特性和生物降解性分析,探明了西安市城市污水厂碳源的分布特性。西安市污水厂原水中颗粒态COD占总COD的65%左右,以慢速可生物降解有机物为主,是污水厂进水碳源的主要组成部分。分析评价了慢速可生物降解有机物的转化特性与利用潜力,结果表明,在好氧和厌氧2种条件下慢速可生物降解有机物会发生水解发酵作用,在8 h内转化率分别达到58%和65%。其中第1小时为慢速可生物降解有机物的限速阶段,降解缓慢。从第2~4小时降解转化速率显著提高,此后速率逐渐平缓。慢速可生物降解有机物水解产物主要有挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）、多糖和蛋白类等易于直接被微生物利用的物质。与此同时,也会产生一些腐殖质类的难降解有机物,并在处理过程中会引发其结构改变,趋于生物可利用。The distribution characteristics of different carbon sources were studied by long-term analysis of speciation and biodegradability of organics in Xi＇an. Particulate organics accounted for 65% of the COD. Slowly biodegradable organics constituted a majority of the carbon source. The conversion and utilization of slowly biodegradable organics was analyzed. Our findings showed that the slowly biodegradable organics could be hydrolyzed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Carbon utilization of 58% and 65% were recorded under aerobic and anaerobic conditions,respectively,over a period of 8 h. The first hour was the rate-limiting stage for the degradation of the slowly biodegradable organics. The rate significantly increased over the next three hours and then began to plateau. Volatile fatty acids（ VFAs）,polysaccharides,and proteins were the main hydrolysis products of the slowly biodegradable organics. In addition,humic acid was produced,the chemical structure of which can be gradually changed to be more bioavailable.

关 键 词：慢速可生物降解有机物 颗粒有机物 水解发酵 分解产物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]