复合式动态膜生物反应器处理印染废水效能及膜污染控制  

Efficiency of treating printing and dyeing wastewater and membrane fouling control by hybrid dynamic membrane bioreactor

作　　者：宋箭[1] 赵秋燕[1] 伍昌年[1] 方涛[1] 鲍超[1] 孔张成 孙冰香 张睿[1] 杨浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学水污染控制与废水资源化重点实验室,合肥230601

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第5期2193-2200,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2014ZX07405003)

摘　　要：分别采用动态膜生物反应器(DMBR)与复合式动态膜生物反应器(HDMBR)处理印染废水,研究投加悬浮填料前后对污染物去除和膜污染控制影响。投加和未投加悬浮填料的反应器分别标为反应器A和B。结果表明,A反应器对色度、浊度、NH+4-N、TN、TP、COD、UV254平均去除率依次为86.39%、96.00%、90.13%、85.84%、89.63%、95.75%和88.24%,分别比B反应器提高了6.15%、2.24%、8.33%、5.99%、5.56%、1.79%和6.39%。对两反应器污泥混合液进行变性梯度凝胶电泳分离可知,水解酸化池与好氧池内既有相同的微生物种属,也有其特有的种属,而A反应器中各微生物优势地位均比B反应器明显。A反应器中混合液的EPS浓度增加量、LB-EPS积累量、污泥粒径小于10μm所占比例、膜通量降低幅度均小于B反应器,LB-EPS积累量是影响污泥混合液中Zeta电位、污泥粘度变化的主要原因。膜表面滤饼层的红外图谱与三维荧光图谱解析,验证了蛋白质和多糖是膜表面污染物的主要成分。A反应器中悬浮填料为微生物提供载体,增强了微生物降解能力,能提高对污染物的去除率,同时也延缓了膜污染。Dynamic membrane bioreactor（ DMBR） and hybrid dynamic membrane bioreactor（ HDMBR）were employed to treat dyeing and printing wastewater. The enhancement of pollutants removal and membrane fouling control were studied with the addition of suspension packing. Reactors（ with and without suspension packing） were named as reactor A and B. It was shown that the average removal rate of chromaticity,turbidity,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,COD and UV254 in reactor A were 86. 39%,96. 00%,90. 13%,85. 84%,89. 63%,95. 75%,88. 24%,and were higher than that in reactor B 6. 15%,2. 24%,8. 33%,5. 99%,5. 56%,1. 79%,6. 39%,respectively. The sludge mixed liquid of reactors（ A and B） separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（ DGGE）. The results of DGGE showed that there were both the same bands and specific bands in hydrolysis acidification pool and aerobic pool. The dominance of microbes in reactor A is more obvious than reactor B. Reactor A was lower than reactor B in the EPS increase,the accumulation of LB-EPS,the percentage of particles less than 10 microns and the membrane flux decline. The variation of Zeta potential and viscosity of the sludge was mainly affected by LB-EPS accumulation amount. Fourier transform infrared（ FTIR） spectrum and the three dimensional fluorescence（ EEM） spectrum analysis of cake layer proved the major components of membrane fouling were protein and polysaccharide. Suspension packing（ reactor A）could be used as microoganism growing carrier and its degradation ability to pollutants was enhanced. The membrane fouling could be effectively retarded.

关 键 词：动态膜生物反应器 复合式动态膜生物反应器 印染废水 悬浮填料 污染物去除 膜污染 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]