机械装配耦合动刚度的逆子结构辨识方法  

Inverse Substructuring Methods for Identifying Coupling Dynamic Stiffness of Mechanical Assembly

作　　者：吕广庆[1] 仪垂杰[2] 方科[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学教育部重大工程灾害与控制重点实验室,广州510632 [2]青岛理工大学机械工程学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2016年第9期86-95,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51475211)

摘　　要：为检测机械装配的动态质量,基于子结构法分析装配工艺对部件动态传递特性的影响作用,明确装配耦合动刚度是影响机械装配动态质量的唯一决定性关键因素。在阐述装配耦合动刚度的直接逆子结构辨识方法(直接法)并分析其在生产实践应用中存在的缺陷之后,建立五类装配耦合动刚度的基于频率响应函数(Frequency response function,FRF)谱的间接逆子结构辨识方法(间接法),并给出单点耦合和多点耦合计算公式及其工程适用条件。分析表明,五类间接法完全或部分避免直接法存在的测试操作困难,第一类间接法辨识精度受FRF谱测量误差影响最低且与直接法相近,可作为机械装配耦合动刚度辨识的最优间接法选项。逆子结构辨识方法的理论完备性和第一类间接法的应用有效性分别经机械装配二级子结构集总参数模型及其类比试验模型予以检验,为机械装配耦合动刚度辨识及其动态质量检测提供新的有效技术方法。In order to inspect dynamic quality of mechanical assembly, the effects of assembling process on the dynamic transferring characteristics of the involved components are analyzed by substructuring analysis, and coupling dynamic stiffness of the assembly is clarified explicitly as the unique dominant factor for the dynamic quality. After explaining direct inverse substructuring approach of identification on the stiffness （direct approach） and analyzing its defects in practical application, five types of indirect inverse substructuring approaches （indirect approach） are established using spectral-based frequency response functions （FRFs）, including their formulations in cases of single- and multi-coupling connection（s） of assembling process, and their applicable engineering conditions. Analytical results show that, the five types of indirect approaches overcome totally or partially the test-difficulty of the direct one. In addition, the first type indirect approach is relatively not susceptible to FRF-measurement errors, as it does by the direct one, and can be applied as an optimum indirect approach for identifying the stiffness. Theoretical completeness of the direct and indirect approaches and application effectiveness of the first indirect approach are validated by a lumped-parameter model and its analogic experimental counterpart of two-level assembling substructures, respectively. The inverse substructuring approaches provide a new effective technical method for coupling stiffness identification and dynamic quality inspection of mechanical assembly.

关 键 词：机械装配 耦合动刚度 逆子结构辨识 频率响应函数 

分 类 号：TB123[理学—工程力学] TH164[理学—力学]