占有之诉抗辩权问题研究  

Study on the Objections of the Possessory Action

作　　者：章正璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院暨东吴公法与比较法研究所,苏州215006

出　　处：《现代法学》2016年第2期166-173,共8页Modern Law Science

基　　金：2013年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"物权法与侵权法对占有的二元保护机制研究"(13YJA820071);2015年度国家社会科学基金项目"占有保护疑难法律问题研究"(15BFX163);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：有请求一般就会有抗辩,针对占有保护请求权之抗辩权主要区分为8类,其中原告方面未曾占有某物、被告方面不存在侵占妨害占有的行为以及除斥期间届满等抗辩事由,其抗辩效果在于使请求权不成立或者消灭请求权,法官可以依职权予以释明。而对于原告的占有为无权占有、原告对于损害的发生及其扩大存在与有过失(又称促成过失)、被告享有本权、受害人之同意、紧急避险、自助行为以及无因管理等抗辩事由,其抗辩效果在于对抗请求权,法官通常不得依职权予以释明。原告的占有为无权占有、被告享有本权对于侵害占有的损害赔偿请求权具有一定的对抗效果,但是无法对抗其他的占有保护请求权。正当防卫是典型的侵权抗辩事由,一般无法成为侵害占有的抗辩事由。Where there are to eight categories. Objections, claims, there are also objections. In the nature the objections can be divided insuch as the possession by the plaintiff never occurred, the deprivation of possession and the interference with possession do not exist, the claims are statute - barred, can the judge interpret them during the civil suit. While objections, such as the possession by the plaintiff was unauthorized, contributory negligence of the plaintiff, the action of the defendant was based on the right, the consent of the principal, necessity, self- help and agency without specific authorization, can＇ t the judge interpret them during the civil suit. Although the self - defence against persons is one kind of objections against torts, it isn＇ t one kind of objections against the claim to legal protection of possession.

关 键 词：占有保护请求权 抗辩与抗辩权 释明 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]