中国西北某煤化工区土壤中砷的人体健康风险及其安全阈值  

The human health risk and safety threshold of arsenic in soils of a coal chemical industry area in Northwest China

作　　者：贾建丽[1] 李小军[1] 杨乐[1] 胡磊[1] 赵燊炜 马晓燕[1] 张凯[1] 姚鹏[2] 史少贺 么琳颖 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《地学前缘》2016年第3期124-132,共9页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2014CB238906)

摘　　要：本研究对中国西北某大型煤化工区的土壤样品进行采集。通过密闭消解后应用ICP-CCT-MS法对土壤样品中砷（As）含量进行测定,选取吸入土壤颗粒、皮肤接触、经口摄入3种主要的暴露途径,对煤化工区3个不同煤气化单元土壤中As的人体健康风险进行评价。结果表明,煤化工区土壤中As的单物质综合致癌风险为可接受水平的6~9倍,As的危害商则在可接受水平范围之内。煤化工区土壤中As的人体健康风险以经口摄入为主体暴露途径,该途径下致癌风险的贡献率占全部致癌风险的68.64%。在对各暴露途径致癌风险控制值计算的基础上选择致癌风险贡献率最高、控制值最低的经口摄入途径的控制值1.59mg/kg作为该煤化工区土壤中As的参考安全阈值。结合中国煤化工行业发展特点、区域土壤中As的背景值水平、地区气候和地质特点等,考虑不同国家和地区As的人体健康风险可接受水平差异和可行性,才能综合确定特定煤化工区域土壤环境中As的安全阈值。In this study, soil samples were collected from a large-scale coal chemical industry area in Northwest China. And then arsenic （As） in soil samples was detected by novel collision/reaction cell technology （CCT） of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS, collectively ICP-CCT-MS） after closed vessel microwave digestion. Human health risks of As for three different gasification units were evaluated in three major exposure pathways, including inhalation particles, skin contact and ingestion of soil particles. Results showed that the comprehensive carcinogenic risk of As in coal chemical industry area soils is 6. 15 - 9. 24 times the acceptable risk level, and the hazard quotient of different coal chemical industry area is acceptable. The main exposure route of As in coal chemical industry area soils is ingestion of soil particles, which can account for 68.64% of total carcinogenic risk. Considering different control values by each exposure pathway, the minimum control value （1.59 mg/kg） in the pathway of ingestion of soil particles, which also have a maximum contribution to the carcinogenic risk could be selected as the strict reference of safety threshold for As in soil environment in coal chemical industry area. Combining the characteristics of coal chemical industry in China, background value of As in regional soil, regional climate and geological characteristics, etc. , and taking into account the difference of the acceptable level of human health risk of As in different countries and regions and feasibility, the safety threshold of As in the soil environment of certain coal chemical industry could be comprehensively determined.

关 键 词：致癌风险 危害商 煤化工 As 土壤 安全阈值 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]