化学分散油对绿色巴夫藻的急性毒性研究  

Acute toxic effect of chemical dispersing oil on Pavlova viridis

作　　者：李佩潼 原晓艳[1] 杨乐[1] 叶志波 夏文香[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2016年第2期83-88,共6页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(201403)

摘　　要：化学分散剂主要由溶剂和表面活性剂组成,在海洋溢油应急处理中得到广泛应用.为了研究原油污染海水中加入分散剂后形成的化学分散油对环境的影响,以绿色巴夫藻作为受试生物,比较了化学分散油、物理分散油和分散剂对微藻细胞密度和叶绿素a（chl-a）含量的影响.结果表明,物理分散油、化学分散油和分散剂对绿色巴夫藻的96h-EC50分别为3.8,31.81,75.46 mg/L,对绿色巴夫藻叶绿素a的96h-EC50-chl-a分别为2.66,19.48,59.85mg/L.根据EC50值可知,在石油污染海水中加入分散剂（浓度范围0~105mg/L）并不会加大原油的急性毒性;在测定96h急性毒性时,绿色巴夫藻叶绿素a的敏感性高于细胞密度的敏感性.Composed with dissolvent and surfactant,oil dispersant has been widely used in the treatment of sea oil spill emergency accidents.In order to study the effect of chemical dispersing oil on the oil contaminated seawater formated by crude oil after adding dispersant,this paper choose Pavlova viridis as test organism and compares the effect of physical dispersing oil,chemical dispersing oil and dispersant on the cell density and chlorophyll a（chl-a）content of algae.Results show that 96h-EC50 values of physical dispersing oil,chemical dispersing oil and dispersant against the growth of Pavlova viridis are 3.8,31.81,75.46mg/L,respectively;the 96h-EC50-chl-avalues of physical dispersing oil,chemical dispersing oil and dispersant solution are 2.66,19.48,59.85mg/L,respectively.According to the values of EC50,adding dispersant（the concentration range of 0-105mg/L）to physical dispersing oil will not increase the toxicity of dispersion;and in the determination of acute toxicity of 96 h,chlorophyll is more sensitive than cell density of the Pavlova viridis.

关 键 词：胜利原油 分散剂 化学分散油 绿色巴夫藻 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]