枣大球蚧寄生蜂等缘蚧金小蜂的研究  

Preliminary Investigation on Eunotus aequalivena,a Parasite Wasp of Eulecanium gigantea

作　　者：张萍 李秋英 王小兵 马建江 薛根生 王岩 

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团第二师农业科学研究所,新疆库尔勒841005 [2]新疆林业学校,乌鲁木齐830026 [3]新疆兵团第二师林业工作站,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第4期673-678,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆兵团第二师科技计划项目(2013NYGG09)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(以下得称巴州)地区榆树和槐树上枣大球蚧寄生蜂等缘蚧金小蜂(Eunotus aequalivena)形态特征、生活习性、生活史以及寄生率与枣大球蚧发生和分布的关系。【方法】采用田间定点调查、随机调查、室内饲养观察等方法。【结果】巴州地区寄生于枣大球蚧的有7种小蜂,其中等缘蚧金小蜂约为总蜂量21.16%。等缘蚧金小蜂1年发生1代,以蛹在老介壳下越冬,2013至2015年平均寄生率分别为16.64%、4.63%和9.54%;平均羽化率分别为85.39%、79.30%和94.00%;有棒小蜂重寄生现象,重寄生率分别为11.06%、14.20%和3.00%。同一树体空间分布于2.5 m以上等缘蚧金小蜂寄生率显著高于2.5 m以下的。【结论】等缘蚧金小蜂田间自然寄生率较高,为枣大球蚧重要的寄生蜂,可用于生物防治技术的开发和利用。[ Objective ] To make clear Eunotus aequalivena life history, living habits, parasitic situation as well as the relationship between its host Eulecanium gigantea happening on trees Ulmus pumila and Sophora japonica in Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bayingolin, Xinjiang, China. [ Method ] The methods of field point survey, random survey, indoor observation and breeding were used. [ Result ] 7 parasite wasp species of E. gigantea were collected, in which E. aequalivena accounts for 21.16% as a dominant species in the total individual numbers. E. aequalivena could finish 1 generation a year and overwinter as pupa under the old scale of Eulecanium gigantea. In 2013, 2014, and 2015, its average parasitic rate were 16.64%, 4.63% and 9.54% and eclosion rate were 85.39%, 79.30% and 94.00%. Parasitic rates above 2.5 m were signifi- candy higher than the lower position on a tree. E. aequalivena was hyperparasited by a signiphorid, Charto- cerus sp. , the hyperparasitic rate was 11.06%, 14.20% and 3.00% in 2013, 2014, and 2015 respectively. E. aequalivena＇s parasitic rate of more than 2.5 m was significantly higher than 2.5 m below. [ Conclusion] E. aequalivena is an effective parasite of E. gigantea and can be exploited as a biological control agent.

关 键 词：等缘蚧金小蜂 枣大球蚧 生活史 寄生率 羽化率 重寄生率 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.3[农业科学—植物保护]