用杀鼠剂和饵料对达乌尔黄鼠进行防治正交试验研究  

A studyon rodenticides and baits to control Spermophilus dauricus based on orthogonal experiments

作　　者：刘旗 张东霞 武晓梅 张夏刚 杨圣荣 苏军虎[4] 

机构地区：[1]山西省牧草工作站,山西太原030001 [2]山西省植保总站,山西太原030001 [3]应县畜牧兽医局,山西应县037600 [4]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2016年第2期87-91,96,共6页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20140311013-6);兰州市农业攻关项目"兰州市农田害鼠(达乌尔黄鼠)监测及防控技术研究"(2013-4-131)资助

摘　　要：为筛选出防治达乌尔黄鼠的杀鼠剂及其施用技术,用3种杀鼠剂、3个用药浓度、3个投饵量和3种饵料进行L9(34)正交试验,经方差分析和F检验发现,各因子对灭洞率的有效性自大至小顺序为:杀鼠剂>用药浓度>投饵量>饵料种类。以灭洞率为评价指标,对不同因子各水平进行SSR测验证明:3种参试杀鼠剂的有效性依次为溴鼠灵(87.56%)>C型肉毒梭菌生物毒素(80.00%)>敌鼠钠盐(73.89%);灭洞率随用药浓度和投饵量变化,用药浓度越大、投饵量越多,灭洞率亦越高;用玉米、苜蓿草颗粒和玉米秸秆草颗粒作饵料灭洞率差异不显著,表明用苜蓿草颗粒和玉米秸秆草颗粒代替粮食作达乌尔黄鼠的饵料是可行;A2B3C2D3(0.15%的溴鼠灵、苜蓿草颗粒作饵料、每个有效洞口投25粒毒饵)是最佳处理组合。The orthogonal design was conducted based on three rodenticides,three concentration of rodenti-cides,three baits,and three dosages of different baits.The results of F-test and variance analysis showed that the rank of killing efficiency was rodenticide types 〉 rodenticides concentration 〉 bait consumption 〉 bait types. Three kinds of tested rodenticides were in the order bromadiolone （87.56%）〉 botulin type C （80.600%）〉diphacinone sodium salt （73.89%）according to the assessment index based on control effect.The killing effi-ciency was changed with the concentration and feeding volume changes.the larger concentrations of drug and feeding quantity,the higher killing efficiency;There were on differences in killing efficiency with corn,alfalfa grass pellet and corn straw grass particles as bait to control daurian squirrel.And alfalfa grass powder and corn straw grass particles were good baits.And the three optimum treatment combinations were A2B3C2D3（0.15%Bromadiolone,alfalfa grass bait,25 grains bait）.

关 键 词：山西应县 达乌尔黄鼠 灭鼠试验 草颗粒饵料 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]