婴幼儿呼吸相关性肺炎1862例临床分析  

Clinical analysis of 1862 cases of breathing and correlated pneumonia in infants

作　　者：张蓉[1] 邓华[1] 陈娟[1] 张美莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院第二附属医院检验科,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2016年第9期1212-1213,共2页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解婴幼儿呼吸及相关性肺炎的临床流行病学,为防治婴幼儿肺炎提供依据。方法收集2009年1月至2012年12月1 862例肺炎患儿作为研究对象,分析呼吸及相关性肺炎的时间分布、病原学检查、临床表现及辅助检查结果。结果呼吸及相关性肺炎的季节发病率由高到低依次为冬季40.87%、春季25.51%、秋季18.10%、夏季15.52%。在1 862例患儿中,562例细菌培养呈阳性(30.18%);436例病毒(含支原体)抗体检测阳性(23.42%);96例细菌和病毒抗体均阳性(5.16%)。患儿临床上出现发烧(占83.57%)、咳嗽(占64.34%)、气促(占52.36%)、罗音(占53.81%)、X光片阴影(占73.47%)、心率加快(占51.77%)等症状。实验室检测中患儿出现白细胞升高、C反应蛋白(CRP)大于5.0 mg/L、心肌酶升高的构成比分别为49.52%、44.36%和14.02%。结论掌握呼吸及相关性肺炎的流行病学特点,对进行经验治疗有重要指导意义。肺炎患儿应进行病原学检查,及早确诊以便进行针对性治疗。Objective To understand the clinical epidemiological of breathing and correlated pneumonia in infants.To provide the basis for prevention and treatment of infantile pneumonia.Methods From January 2009 to December 2012,a total of 1 862 children with pneumonia were recruited as objects of study.The temporal distribution,etiological examination,clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination results.Results The incidence of different seasons from high to low were 40.87%in winter,25.51%in spring,18.10%in autumn and 15.52%in summer.Among the 1 862 children with pneumonia,562 cases were cultured positive（accounted for 30.18%）,436 cases were tested positive for virus（including mycoplasma）antibody（accounted for 23.42%）,96 cases were tested positive for both bacteria and virus antibody,accounted for 5.16%.Children with fever,cough,shortness of breath,rale,X-ray shadow and increased heart rate accounted for 83.57%,64.34%,52.36%,53.81%,73.47% and 51.77%,respectively.Children with elevated leukocyte,CRP〉5.0mg/L and increased myocardial enzymes accounted for 49.52%,44.36%and 14.02%in laboratory tests.Conclusion It has important guiding significance for experience treatment to master the epidemiological feature of breathing and correlated pneumonia.Children with pneumonia should be checked for etiology so as to achieve early diagnosis and targeted therapy.

关 键 词：呼吸相关性肺炎 婴幼儿 流行病学 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]