基于提高分拣效率的快递面单优化设计研究  

An Optimization Design Research on Express Waybill to Improve the Efficiency of Sorting

作　　者：张力[1,2] 翟龙真 贾惠侨[2] 何志朋[2] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学人因研究所,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南工学院人因工程与安全管理研究所,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《工业工程》2016年第2期105-111,共7页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71071051;71371070)

摘　　要：通过实验方法研究快递面单的优化设计对分拣员分拣效率的影响。在实地调研、问卷调查和专家访谈的基础上,对快递面单的信息项进行分析与整合,设计出新的快递面单。新面单保留有利于提高分拣效率的重要信息项并增强其显著性,删除重复和没有必要显示的信息项,根据信息项的重要程度确定字体大小,固定目标信息的位置。通过实验模拟分拣人员识别收件地址的分拣流程,采用独立样本t检验方法分析分拣人员在新旧两种快递面单上完成分拣任务的反应时间和失误率,并对新旧快递面单的可用性进行主观的对比分析。结果表明:优化后的面单由于减少了大量不必要的信息项的显示,增强了重要目标信息项的显著性,固定了目标信息的位置,从而降低了分拣人员的认知负荷,提高了分拣效率,减少了分拣失误,增强了人因可靠性,优化了分拣作业流程,有利于快递企业实现快速反应,提高服务水平。The influence of the express waybill information items on the efficiency of sorting is researched through simulation experiment. The new express waybill is designed through analyzing and integrating the information items based on field research, questionnaire and expert interviews. The new express waybill reserves the important information which can improve the sorting efficiency, enhance the significance, delete the repeated and unimportant items, and determine the size of the font according to the important degree and fix the position of target information. The experiment simulates the sorting process of identifying the receiver address for the operator. The result of Independent-Samples t Test shows the reaction time and error rate of the operator completing the task of sorting in the old and the new express waybills and the availabili- ty is compared and analyzed. The results shows that the new express waybill can reduce cognitive intensity of the sorting operator, improve the sorting efficiency, reduce errors, improve human reliability, optimize the process, achieve quick response and improve service level through reducing the amount of unnecessary information items, fixing the position of target information and enhancing the significance of important information.

关 键 词：快递分拣 快递面单设计 分拣效率 实验研究 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]