深水陡坡带地质模型波场正演模拟  

Seismic forward modeling for deepwater steep slope zone model

作　　者：王涛 尹川 陈景阳 蔡文杰 李萍 张洋 于圣杰 段晓梦 龙旭 

机构地区：[1]中海油研究总院,北京100028

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2016年第2期788-793,共6页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重大专项课题"亚太地区油气资源评价及未来战略发展方向"(2011ZX05028-006)资助

摘　　要：近年来,全球海上油气勘探热点逐渐由浅水走向深水,而地震资料采集和处理是制约深水油气勘探的重要因素.以往资料表明,受采集观测系统的影响,深水盆地陡坡带的地震成像效果往往较差,对边界断层和下伏地层产状的认识造成严重影响.本文根据巴布亚盆地某深水工区实际数据,构建典型深水陡坡带地质模型,通过地震波场正演模拟方法对陡坡带地震采集的观测方式进行优化.结合基于波动方程的单炮照明和多炮照明组合等地震照明方法对目标层进行照明分析,探索影响陡坡带深大断层和上、下盘地层成像效果的原因.最后通过局部炮集数据进行叠前深度偏移处理,进一步验证波场正演模拟和照明分析指导观测系统优化设计的有效性.波场正演模拟和照明分析结果表明,对于拖缆式地震采集,采用左侧激发、长排列接收方式对深水陡坡带成像具有相对较好的效果.Global offshore oil and gas exploration hotspot were gradually stepping from shallow water to deep water in recent years,and seismic data acquisition and processing is the important factor to restrict the deep water oil and gas exploration. Previous data show that the seismic imaging of the deep water basin,which is affected by the acquisition and observation system,is often poor. This paper is to construct a typical deepwater steep slope geological model according to actual data of deepwater area of Papua basin. Seismic wave field forward modeling were then carried on to optimize seismic acquisition geometry over steep slope area. Seismic illumination methods including single shot illumination and multi shot lighting combination based on wave equation,were used to analyze the target,thus exploring the impacts of the steep slope with faults on footwall imaging. Finally,it is verified that the wave field forward modeling and illumination analysis can guide the optimization design of the acquisition geometry by pre-stack depth migration of local shot gathers. The results of seismic forward modeling and illumination analysis show that the left excitation and the long array receiving array in towed cable type seismic acquisition have relatively good effect on the deep water slope imaging.

关 键 词：深水 陡坡带 正演模拟 地震照明 克希霍夫叠前深度偏移 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P738[天文地球—地质学]