两株高效烃降解菌的筛选、鉴定及降解特性  

Isolation and degradation properties of two hydrocarbon-degrading Pseudomonas strains

作　　者：蔡曼[1] 杨蕾蕾[1] 周宇光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所/中国普通微生物菌种保藏管理中心,北京100101

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2016年第6期68-74,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(5144029)

摘　　要：为获得可用于石油、农药污染生物修复的高效烃降解菌,以高黏度的超稠油为唯一碳源,从大庆油井采出液中分离和筛选烃降解菌,并通过残油族组分及全烃组分的分析,拟阐明这些菌株的烃降解特性。结果表明:菌株H11和W14对黏度为普通稠油30倍的超稠油有良好的乳化分散能力,经16SrRNA基因序列比对分析,初步鉴定这2菌株均为铜绿假单胞菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa,接种这2菌株后,培养液中稠油的饱和烃相对含量均降低20%以上,其中接种菌株H11后,沥青质的相对含量也降低5%;同时,H11和W14对长链烃类的降解范围较广,分别最高可作用至C26和C28碳链长度的化合物,并对烃组分有代谢利用选择性。显示了这2菌株具有良好的烃类降解能力,可为石油、农药污染物生物修复提供优良的菌种资源和应用前景。An investigation was conducted with a super heavy oil sample as sole carbon source to select highly efficient hydrocarbon-degrading strains among isolates from oil production water and analyze their degradation properties for oil four components and total hydrocarbon components.The results showed that：Strain H11 and W14,which belong to Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on 16 SrRNA gene sequence analysis,could emulsify super heavy oil thoroughly;the relative contents of aliphatic hydrocarbons were reduced by 20% after incubation with these two strains;furthermore,the two strains could degrade long chain hydrocarbons with C26 and C28as the longest ones,respectively.These data suggested that strain H11 and W14could be reliable resources to emulsify and degrading heavy oil and hydrocarbons in oil-and farm chemical-contaminated environments.

关 键 词：烃降解菌 铜绿假单胞菌 石油污染 生物修复 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]