一种高精度的超声测距系统实现方法  

An Implement Method for High-precision Ultrasonic Distance-measuring System

作　　者：古叶[1] 孙海信[1,2] 齐洁[1] 成垦 卢晓莹 周小平[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学信息科学与技术学院 [2]厦门大学水声通信与海洋信息技术教育部重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期396-400,共5页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61471309);福建省自然科学基金(2013J01258)

摘　　要：为了减小超声波测距系统的测量盲区,提高测距精度,本系统采用收发异体模式,以高斯脉冲调制信号作为超声波的发射信号,通过调节高斯信号的脉冲形成因子,改善发送信号波形,使其具有更好的抗干扰能力.在接收端,采用相关算法检测回波到达时刻,在不需要增加额外硬件电路的基础上,即可实现高精度的测距功能.实验结果表明,本系统具有良好的测距效果,系统稳定,测距精度达到1mm,相对误差在1.5%以内,无测量盲区.In order to reduce the range of blind areas and improve measurement accuracies, this ultrasonic distance-measuring system adopts the model,in which the sender and the receiver are separated.Gaussian pulse modulated signal is proposed as the transmitter signal.By adjusting the parameters of the Gaussian signal,it can improve the waveform and anti-interference abilities.During the pro- cessing of signais, the relevant operation is used to detect the time of echo arrival.Without needing extra hardware circuits, the exist- ing system can achieve high-precision measurements.Experimental results show that the measuring system possesses great distancemeasuring capability, system stability, relative error lying within 1.5 %, the accuracy at 1 mm, and zero measuring-blind area.

关 键 词：超声波测距 波形设计 高斯脉冲 相关运算 

分 类 号：TP274.5[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]