不同化学物质调控塑料大棚南瓜营养生长和生殖生长研究  

Effect of Different Chemical Substances on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Cucurbita maxima in Plastic Greenhouse

作　　者：刘霞[1] 胡芳芳[1] 张加一 李思蓓[1] 程永安[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第13期56-60,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目"南瓜产业技术研究与示范"(201303112)

摘　　要：为实现塑料大棚南瓜营养生长与生殖生长的关系处于合理状态,研究选用不同化学物质诱导大棚南瓜雌花发生和控制营养生长。试验以‘永安二号’(印度南瓜类型)为材料,在南瓜苗期施用不同化学物质进行处理。结果表明:南瓜苗期用增瓜灵、乙烯利能够明显降低第一雌花节位、促进提早开花并增加雌花数量,以100 mg/L乙烯利处理促进雌花发生效果最佳;多效唑、矮壮素、增瓜灵均有拟制营养生长的作用,500 mg/L多效唑和200 mg/L矮壮素控生效果最佳。增瓜灵(每袋15 g兑水3 kg)具有促进雌花生成、抑制营养生长的双重作用。该试验在南瓜苗期用4种化学物质进行处理,表现出明显的诱雌和控生优势,可以在农业生产中广泛应用。In order to achieve a rational state of vegetative and reproductive growth of Cucurbita maxima in plastic greenhouse, the authors tried to use different chemical substances to induce female flowers and control vegetative growth. India pumpkin variety‘Yong＇an NO.2＇was used as the experimental material, and different chemical substances were applied in pumpkin seedling stage. The results showed that the treatment ofZenggualing and ethephon could dramatically decrease the first female flower node, promote flowering andincrease the number of female flowers in the pumpkin seedling stage, 100 mg/L ethephon had the best effect ofpromoting female flowers. However, paclobutrazol, chlormequat and Zenggualing inhibited the vegetativegrowth of pumpkin, 500 mg/L paclobutrazol and 200 mg/L chlormequat had the best effect. Meanwhile,Zenggualing（15 g per bag added 3 kg water） had a dual action of promoting female flowers and inhibitingvegetative growth. The results indicated that these four kinds of chemical substances used in the seedling stage of Cucurbita maxima could induce female flowers and control vegetative growth, and be widely applied in agricultural production.

关 键 词：化学物质 南瓜 营养生长 生殖生长 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]